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Scalpel

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A scalpel is a small tool with an extremely sharp blade.

Scalpel blade sizes
Scalpel blade sizes

People use them for many important jobs. Doctors use them during surgery to make precise cuts. They are also used for anatomical dissection and podiatry. Some people use them for delicate handicrafts.

X-Acto-knife
X-Acto-knife

A special type of scalpel called a lancet has two sharp edges. This tool helps make sure cuts are very clean and exact.

Most scalpels are made of different strong materials. Many blades are made from hardened steel or stainless steel. Some are even made from high carbon steel. Other types use titanium, ceramic, or even diamond.

Scalpel11
Scalpel11

Some blades have a special coating called zirconium nitride to stay sharp. Others have a polymer coating to help them slide easily through tissue. You cannot use steel blades during an MRI. This is because the strong magnets would pull the steel toward them.

Surgical Blade
Surgical Blade

Humans have used sharp tools for a very long time. Obsidian scalpels found in Turkey are older than 2100 BC.

Scalpel26
Scalpel26

Ancient Egyptians used sharp obsidian for embalming. By 500 BC, ancient Greeks were using tools very similar to today's scalpels. They had a tool called an amphismela, which means "on both sides" and "I cut."

Scalpel23
Scalpel23

Later, a 10th-century surgeon named Albucasis invented a scalpel that could retract. In 1915, Morgan Parker patented a design with two separate parts. This was the start of the modern two-piece scalpel.

Medical scalpels usually have two parts: a handle and a blade.

Scalpel handle 3
Scalpel handle 3

Many handles are reusable, but the blades are often single-use. A common handle is called a B.P. handle. This name comes from Charles Russell Bard and Morgan Parker.

Bisturi Tacca Millimetrata
Bisturi Tacca Millimetrata

There are many different handle shapes. A #7 handle is long and looks like a writing pen. A #5 handle is round and has a pattern so it does not slip. Different blades only fit on specific handle sizes.

Safety is a big part of using these sharp tools. In 2001, scalpel injuries were a common way for workers to get cut.

Scalpel20
Scalpel20

To prevent accidents, many hospitals use safety scalpels. Some have a retractable blade that slides back into the handle. Others have a protective sheath.

Scalpel12
Scalpel12

Doctors can also use a special tool to remove blades safely. This keeps their fingers away from the sharp edge. Using these tools helps keep everyone in the hospital safe.

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🖼️ Images & Media (13)
File:Lancets belonging to Edward Jenner 2.jpeg
Lancets belonging to Edward Jenner 2.jpeg
File:X-Acto-knife.jpg
X-Acto-knife.jpg
File:Bisturi Tacca Millimetrata.jpg
Bisturi Tacca Millimetrata.jpg
File:Scalpel handle 3.jpg
Scalpel handle 3.jpg
File:Scalpel blade sizes.JPG
Scalpel blade sizes.JPG
File:Scalpel blade 10A.jpg
Scalpel blade 10A.jpg
File:Scalpel11.jpg
Scalpel11.jpg
File:Scalpel12.jpg
Scalpel12.jpg
File:Surgical Blade.jpg
Surgical Blade.jpg
File:Scalpel20.jpg
Scalpel20.jpg
File:Scalpel21.jpg
Scalpel21.jpg
File:Scalpel23.jpg
Scalpel23.jpg

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