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Querétaro

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Querétaro is a state located in the north-central part of Mexico.

Catedral de Querétaro
Catedral de Querétaro

It sits within a large region known as the Bajío. The state shares borders with several other Mexican states. To the north lies San Luis Potosí. Guanajuato is to the west, while Hidalgo is to the east. Mexico state sits to the southeast, and Michoacán is to the southwest.

Aqueduct at Queretaro, Mexico, ca.1905-1910 (CHS-643)
Aqueduct at Queretaro, Mexico, ca.1905-1910 (CHS-643)

Although it is one of the smaller states, it is very diverse. It is divided into 18 different municipalities. The capital city is called Santiago de Querétaro.

Queretaro Zocalo Fountain
Queretaro Zocalo Fountain

The landscape of Querétaro changes a lot as you travel. It contains three different geographic zones. The Mesa del Centro is in the center-west. It is made of small mesas that sit above sea level. The Sierra Madre Oriental is in the northeast. This area has rugged mountains and narrow valleys.

SotanodelBarro
SotanodelBarro

About half of the state is covered by the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. This area is mostly made of volcanic rock. It has peaks and valleys of different heights. The state is also split into five main regions. These include the Sierra Gorda and the Semidesierto Queretano.

DesertMountainsPeñamiller
DesertMountainsPeñamiller

You can also find the Central Valleys, the Bajío Queretano, and the Sierra Queretana.

History shows that many different people once lived here. Long ago, the area was on the edge of Mesoamerica. The Purépecha and Aztec empires had influence in the far south. However, neither empire fully ruled the whole area. The Sierra Gorda was home to small city-states. By the time Spanish explorers arrived, these areas were independent.

Las Ranas
Las Ranas

Small farming villages and moving peoples also lived there. The Spanish focused on building Santiago de Querétaro. This city grew to lead the state in culture and learning. For a long time, the state was called Querétaro Arteaga. In 2008, the state leaders chose the simpler name, Querétaro.

Nature in Querétaro is full of surprises. The Sierra Gorda is a huge part of the state. It covers about 32.2% of the total land.

SotanodelBarro
SotanodelBarro

This area has steep valleys and limestone hills. It has everything from dry deserts to tropical rainforests. Because it is so special, it became a biosphere reserve in 1997. This helps protect all the different living things there.

SotanodelBarro
SotanodelBarro

Other parts of the state are much drier. The Semidesierto Queretano is a wide, dry strip. It is dry because mountains block moist air from the Gulf. You might see cactus and scrub brush in this area.

DesertMountainsPeñamiller
DesertMountainsPeñamiller

The state also has many rivers and 16 different dams. These include the Santa Catarina and the San Ildefonso dams.

Many people call Querétaro home today. In 2020, the population was about 2,368,467 people.

Catedral de Querétaro
Catedral de Querétaro

Most people live in or near the capital city. Other large cities include San Juan del Río and Corregidora. The population has grown a lot since the year 1900. Many families move here for jobs and industry. Some families even move from the northern border of Mexico.

OtomiWomenchurchtequis
OtomiWomenchurchtequis

There are also important indigenous groups living here. The Otomi are the largest group. The Pame people also live in the mountain areas. Different cultures live in the mountains and the valleys. This makes the state a very interesting place to visit.

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🖼️ Images & Media (21)
File:PAN Party (Mexico).svg
PAN Party (Mexico).svg
File:Morena logo (Mexico).svg
Morena logo (Mexico).svg
File:SotanodelBarro.jpg
SotanodelBarro.jpg
File:DesertMountainsPeñamiller.JPG
DesertMountainsPeñamiller.JPG
File:OtomiWomenchurchtequis.jpg
OtomiWomenchurchtequis.jpg
File:ConcursoHuapango05.JPG
ConcursoHuapango05.JPG
File:Baile de las inditas.jpg
Baile de las inditas.jpg
File:Catedral de Querétaro.jpg
Catedral de Querétaro.jpg
File:Atriumcapillasposas.JPG
Atriumcapillasposas.JPG
File:Nuestra Señora de la Luz de Tancoyol.JPG
Nuestra Señora de la Luz de Tancoyol.JPG
File:Aqueduct at Queretaro, Mexico, ca.1905-1910 (CHS-643).jpg
Aqueduct at Queretaro, Mexico,...
File:Queretaro Zocalo Fountain.jpg
Queretaro Zocalo Fountain.jpg

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