Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
🗺️

Yucatán

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Yucatán is a state located in Mexico.

Yucatan in Mexico (location map scheme)
Yucatan in Mexico (location map scheme)

It sits on the northern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. To its north lies the Gulf of Mexico. Two other Mexican states are very close by. Campeche is to the southwest. Quintana Roo is to the southeast. The state is divided into 106 separate municipalities. Its capital city is named Mérida.

Political divisions of Mexico 1824 (location map scheme)
Political divisions of Mexico 1824 (location map scheme)

Long ago, the Maya civilization lived in this region. They reached a peak of development here. The Maya founded many important cities. These include Chichén Itzá and Izamal. They also built Motul, Mayapan, and Ek' Balam. One city was called Ichkanzihóo, which is now Mérida.

Chichen-Itza-Castillo-Seen-From-East
Chichen-Itza-Castillo-Seen-From-East

The name of the area might come from the Maya word "mayab." This word means "flat." Another idea is that Yucatán means "land of yucas." The yucca is a plant that provided food for the Maya.

Spanish explorers arrived in the area in 1517. An expedition led by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba made landfall. They may have landed at Isla Mujeres or Cabo Catoche.

Chichen Itza 3
Chichen Itza 3

Later, the Montejo family led a conquest of the land. Francisco de Montejo "el Mozo" founded Mérida in 1542. He built the city on the ruins of Ichkanzihóo. The Spanish used stones from old Maya buildings for new ones. This helped them build their new cities.

History in Yucatán has seen many changes in rule. After the Spanish arrived, it became a single political entity. In 1821, Yucatán declared independence from Spain. It briefly joined the First Mexican Empire in December 1821. Later, it formed the first Republic of Yucatán in 1823. The state even declared independence from Mexico in 1841. It finally rejoined Mexico on July 14, 1848. This happened during a time of conflict called the Caste War.

Today, Yucatán is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. The state has changed shape over many years. In 1858, the state was divided to create Campeche. This became an independent state in 1863. Later, in 1902, the state was divided again. This created the territory that is now Quintana Roo. You can still see the deep history in the land. The Maya language and culture remain a very important part of the region.

362 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (45)
File:Yucatan in Mexico (location map scheme).svg
Yucatan in Mexico (location map scheme).svg
File:Conflicto Limitrofe Yucatan Campeche Quintana Roo.PNG
Conflicto Limitrofe Yucatan Campeche...
File:PAN Party (Mexico).svg
PAN Party (Mexico).svg
File:Logo Partido Verde (México).svg
Logo Partido Verde (México).svg
File:Morena logo (Mexico).svg
Morena logo (Mexico).svg
File:Chichen-Itza-Castillo-Seen-From-East.JPG
Chichen-Itza-Castillo-Seen-From-East.JPG
File:Political divisions of Mexico 1824 (location map scheme).svg
Political divisions of Mexico 1824...
File:Plantsisal.jpg
Plantsisal.jpg
File:Cactus wren in Joshua Tree NP.jpg
Cactus wren in Joshua Tree NP.jpg
File:Black-tailed deer at Marymoor Park.jpg
Black-tailed deer at Marymoor Park.jpg
File:Hawksbill Turtle.jpg
Hawksbill Turtle.jpg
File:Lightmatter flamingo2.jpg
Lightmatter flamingo2.jpg

+ 33 more

More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.