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Mahabharata

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The Mahābhārata is a famous epic from ancient India. It is known as a Sanskrit epic and is a very important part of Hinduism.

Mahabharata BharatVarsh
Mahabharata BharatVarsh

This massive poem tells the story of the Kurukshetra War. This war was a fight for power between two groups of cousins. One group was called the Kauravas. The other group was the Pāṇḍavas. The title can mean "The Great Indian Tale" or "the story of the great descendants of Bharata."

Draupadi and Pandavas
Draupadi and Pandavas

This poem is truly huge in size. It is actually the longest epic poem ever written.

Ganesha write Mahabharata
Ganesha write Mahabharata

The longest version has over 100,000 verses called shlokas. It also has more than 200,000 individual lines. In total, the text has about 1.8 million words. This makes it ten times longer than the Iliad and the Odyssey combined. It is also about four times longer than the Rāmāyaṇa.

Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata
Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata

Many people believe a sage named Vyāsa wrote the story. He is also a major character in the epic itself.

Some traditions say the god Ganesha wrote the words down. He did this while listening to Vyāsa speak. The story uses a structure called frame tales. This means one story is told inside another story. The poem was first told by a student named Vaisampayana. Later, a storyteller named Ugrashrava Sauti told it to a group of sages.

Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata
Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata

Scholars have worked hard to learn when the poem was made. The bulk of the text was likely put together between the 3rd century BCE and the 3rd century CE. The oldest parts might be from around 400 BCE.

Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE)
Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE)

Some parts might even come from the Vedic times. The text has different versions that grew over time. One version was called Jaya and had 8,800 verses. Another version was called the Bharata and had 24,000 verses. Finally, the full Mahābhārata has over 100,000 verses.

Snakesacrifice
Snakesacrifice

The epic is organized into 18 books called parvas.

The center of battle of Kurukshetra
The center of battle of Kurukshetra

These books hold many different kinds of stories. Some parts talk about the four goals of life. Other parts include famous stories like the Bhagavad Gita. There are also tales of characters like Shakuntala and Savitri. The poem connects to many other famous works. For example, the poet Kalidasa wrote a story based on it. This epic remains a central part of Indian tradition and history.

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🖼️ Images & Media (17)
File:Krishna and Arjun on the chariot, Mahabharata, 18th-19th century, India.jpg
Krishna and Arjun on the chariot,...
File:Ganesa writing the Mahabharat.jpeg
Ganesa writing the Mahabharat.jpeg
File:Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata.jpg
Sauti recites the slokas of the Mahabharata.jpg
File:Snakesacrifice.jpg
Snakesacrifice.jpg
File:Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE).png
Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE).png
File:Ganesha write Mahabharata.jpg
Ganesha write Mahabharata.jpg
File:Ravi Varma-Shantanu and Satyavati.jpg
Ravi Varma-Shantanu and Satyavati.jpg
File:Draupadi and Pandavas.jpg
Draupadi and Pandavas.jpg
File:Swayamvara Draupadi Arjuna Archery.jpg
Swayamvara Draupadi Arjuna Archery.jpg
File:Disrobing of Draupadi.jpg
Disrobing of Draupadi.jpg
File:The center of battle of Kurukshetra.jpg
The center of battle of Kurukshetra.jpg
File:Mahabharata BharatVarsh.jpg
Mahabharata BharatVarsh.jpg

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