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Hinduism

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Hinduism is a very large group of spiritual traditions.

Hindu Symbols2
Hindu Symbols2

It is the third largest religion in the world today. About 1.17 billion people follow these traditions. This is about 14.7% of all people on Earth. Most Hindus live in India and Nepal.

Kedar Ghat in Varanasi
Kedar Ghat in Varanasi

Many others live in Mauritius and Bali, Indonesia. Large Hindu communities also exist in North America and Europe. Some live in the Caribbean and Africa too.

Many different ideas make up this tradition. It is often called an umbrella term. This means it covers many different ways of thinking. There is no single founder for Hinduism. Instead, it grew from many Indian cultures over a long time. This synthesis emerged between 200 BCE and 200 CE.

Rigveda MS2097
Rigveda MS2097

Some thinkers call it Sanatana Dharma. Others use names like Vaidika Dharma or Arya Dharma. It is a mix of many different roots.

Followers often follow the idea of dharma. Dharma is a cosmic order or a right way to live. People maintain this order through rituals and good living. Many also believe in karma. Karma is the idea that actions and intentions have consequences.

Deepawali-festival
Deepawali-festival

Another important idea is samsara. This is the cycle of death and rebirth. People also look toward the four Purusharthas. These are the proper goals for human life. They include dharma, artha, kama, and moksha.

There are many important holy books. These are divided into two groups called Shruti and Smriti.

Vishnu Avatars
Vishnu Avatars

The major scriptures include the Vedas and the Upanishads. The Puranas are also very important texts. Other famous books are the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. The Bhagavad Gita is part of the Mahabharata. People also use the Agamas for guidance. These texts help explain theology and mythology.

People practice their faith in many ways. Some use meditation or Yoga to focus their minds.

Shiva Bangalore
Shiva Bangalore

Others practice bhakti, which is intense devotion. Many perform puja, which is a way of worship. Some perform yajna, which are sacrificial rites. There are four major groups of followers. These are Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism. Each group has its own focus or special deity.

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Angkor Wat Temple, Cambodia in 2013.JPG
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Pashupatinath Temple-2020.jpg
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Swami Vivekananda-1893-09-signed.jpg
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Hare Krishna in Helsinki H1118 C.JPG
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Ganesha pachayatana.jpg
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Prambanan Java245.jpg
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Rigveda MS2097.jpg
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Halebid3.JPG
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