Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
📖

Serbian language

language culture Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Serbian is a major language used by millions of people. It is the official language of Serbia. It is also an official language in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo.

George Washington Street sign Belgrade
George Washington Street sign Belgrade

Many people use Serbian as their first language in ten different countries. Over 7 million people call it their mother tongue. It is also a recognized minority language in places like Croatia and Hungary. People speak it in many parts of the world, including Germany, the United States, and Australia.

One of the most interesting things about Serbian is how it is written. This is called digraphia, which means there are two ways to write it. People can use the Cyrillic script or the Latin script.

George Washington Street sign Belgrade
George Washington Street sign Belgrade

Both systems are used for reading and writing. The Cyrillic script is a very important symbol for Serbian culture. The Latin alphabet was designed in the 1830s by a man named Ljudevit Gaj. He based it on the Czech system so each letter matches a sound.

To understand Serbian, we must look at its long history. It comes from the Proto-Slavic language. This ancestor language lived in areas like eastern Poland and southern Belarus.

Between the 6th and 7th centuries, Slavic people moved and their languages began to change. By the 9th century, many different Slavic languages started to appear. Long ago, people used Old Church Slavonic for religious books. One of the oldest surviving books is the Miroslav Gospel from the year 1186.

In the early 1800s, a man named Vuk Karadžić changed the language forever. He wanted the written language to match how people actually spoke. He used a rule that said, "Write as you speak."

Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850.
Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850.

Karadžić made the Cyrillic alphabet much simpler for everyone. He removed old letters that were not used in common speech. He also added six new letters to match specific sounds. Some leaders at the time did not like his ideas, but his way eventually won.

Serbian is part of a larger group called Serbo-Croatian. This group also includes Bosnian, Croatian, and Montenegrin.

Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850.
Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850.

All these varieties are based on the same base called Shtokavian. Because they share this base, the languages are very easy to understand. Speakers can talk to each other without much trouble. The differences are small, like the difference between British and American English. They share almost the same grammar and most of the same words.

392 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Miroslav's_Gospel_001.jpg
Miroslav's_Gospel_001.jpg
File:Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850..jpg
Вук Стефановић Караџић.око 1850..jpg
File:George Washington Street sign Belgrade.JPG
George Washington Street sign Belgrade.JPG
Universal Declaration of Human Rights -...
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.