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Reykjavík

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Reykjavík is the capital and largest city of Iceland.

It sits on the southern shore of Faxaflói bay in the southwest of the country. The city is located at 64°08′ N latitude. This makes it the northernmost capital of a sovereign state in the world.

Reykjavikfromabove
Reykjavikfromabove

As of 2025, the city has about 139,000 people living in it. The larger Capital Region holds around 249,000 people. This means about 64% of all people in Iceland live in this area. It is known as a very clean, safe, and green city.

Administrative map of Reykjavík
Administrative map of Reykjavík

The name Reykjavík comes from Old Norse words. It means "Bay of Smoke."

Reykjavik 1860s
Reykjavik 1860s

People believe the name came from steam rising from hot springs in the area. Long ago, a man named Ingólfur Arnarson arrived from Norway. Legend says he settled the land by following the gods. He threw high seat pillars into the sea to find his home. His slaves searched the coasts for three years. They finally found the pillars in the bay where the city sits today.

Ingolf by Raadsig
Ingolf by Raadsig

For a long time, the area was just farmland. The city was officially founded in 1786 as a trading town.

Pg107 Main street of Reykjavik and Governors house
Pg107 Main street of Reykjavik and Governors house

At first, the wool industry was the most important job for people. Other groups worked in fishing, mining, and shipbuilding. In the 1800s, many people wanted Iceland to be independent. Reykjavík became the center for these big ideas. The city became the capital when the national assembly met there.

This helped the city grow into a strong center for government and culture.

The land around the city has a very interesting shape. During the Ice Age, huge glaciers covered much of the area.

Reykjavik Esja
Reykjavik Esja

Some hills, like Öskjuhlíð, were once islands in the sea. The land even rose up after the heavy glaciers melted away. Today, you can see Mount Esja to the north.

Reykjavik Esja
Reykjavik Esja

The Elliðaá River flows through the city. It is a great place for people to fish for salmon. The city is spread out with many houses and wide spaces. Most of the city is made of low-density suburbs.

Vesturbær
Vesturbær

The weather in Reykjavík changes a lot during the year. Because it is so far north, the days change length quickly. In the summer, the sun stays up almost all night.

In the winter, the sun only stays up for about five hours. Even though it is far north, the winters are not too cold. The Atlantic Ocean helps keep the temperature mild. However, the city can be very windy and cloudy. It rains about 147 days every year.

Reykjavikfromabove
Reykjavikfromabove

This makes it one of the coolest capitals in the world.

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🖼️ Images & Media (18)
File:Ingolf by Raadsig.jpg
Ingolf by Raadsig.jpg
File:Reykjavik 1860s.jpg
Reykjavik 1860s.jpg
File:Pg107 Main street of Reykjavik and Governors house.jpg
Pg107 Main street of Reykjavik and...
File:The meeting – house „Góðtemplarahúsið“ on Templarasund,1923-1935.jpg
The meeting – house „Góðtemplarahúsið“ on...
File:Reykjavik view.jpg
Reykjavik view.jpg
File:Reykjavikfromabove.jpg
Reykjavikfromabove.jpg
File:Reykjavik Esja.jpg
Reykjavik Esja.jpg
File:Vesturbær .jpg
Vesturbær .jpg
File:Reykjavik population graph 1889-2016.svg
Reykjavik population graph 1889-2016.svg
File:Administrative map of Reykjavík.png
Administrative map of Reykjavík.png
File:Danish Embassy, Reykjavik.jpg
Danish Embassy, Reykjavik.jpg
File:Eimskip container terminal at Port of Reykjavík.jpg
Eimskip container terminal at Port of...

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