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Mauritius

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Mauritius is a beautiful island country in the Indian Ocean.

Mauritius
Mauritius

It sits near the southeastern coast of East Africa. The main island is part of a group called the Mascarene Islands. This group also includes Rodrigues and Agaléga. The islands sit east of the large island of Madagascar.

D. Pedro Mascarenhas
D. Pedro Mascarenhas

Most people live on the main island of Mauritius. The capital city and largest city is Port Louis.

Mauritius port louis
Mauritius port louis

The country has a very large area of ocean around it too.

The history of these islands began long ago. Some historians think Arab sailors found the islands around the year 975. They called the place Dina Arobi.

Het Tweede Boeck
Het Tweede Boeck

Later, Portuguese sailors visited the islands in 1507. They named the island Ilha do Cisne. In 1598, a Dutch fleet arrived at Grand Port.

Combat de Grand Port mg 9425
Combat de Grand Port mg 9425

They named the island Mauritius after a Dutch prince. The French then took control in 1715. They called the island Isle de France. Finally, the United Kingdom took over in 1810.

The taking of the Isle of France (Mauritius), 2 December 1810
The taking of the Isle of France (Mauritius), 2 December 1810

Life on the island changed many times under different rulers. The Dutch tried to grow sugar and use ebony wood.

First African slaves to Mauritius
First African slaves to Mauritius

They also brought many people from Madagascar to work. When the French ruled, the economy grew through sugar production. They built many buildings in Port Louis.

Government House Port Louis
Government House Port Louis

The British later made Mauritius a huge sugar-producing colony.

Visual Art of the first indentured Indian labourers arriving in Mauritius (1834)
Visual Art of the first indentured Indian labourers arriving in Mauritius (1834)

Many workers from India arrived during this time. Mauritius finally became an independent country in 1968. It became a republic in 1992.

The people of Mauritius come from many different backgrounds. They have many different cultures, languages, and faiths.

Maurice religions 2011
Maurice religions 2011

Indo-Mauritians make up the largest part of the population. There are also Creole, Sino-Mauritian, and Franco-Mauritian groups. It is the only country in Africa where Hinduism is the main religion.

Mauritius single age population pyramid 2020
Mauritius single age population pyramid 2020

The country is also known for being very peaceful. It is a high-income economy with a strong government. The state provides free health care and free school for everyone.

Nature is a very special part of Mauritius. The islands have many plants and animals found nowhere else.

Black River Gorges National Park, Mauritius
Black River Gorges National Park, Mauritius

The famous dodo bird once lived here.

Dronte dodo Raphus cucullatus
Dronte dodo Raphus cucullatus

Sadly, the dodo became extinct after humans arrived. Other animals like the pink pigeon still live there.

Phelsuma ornata - journal.pbio.1001382
Phelsuma ornata - journal.pbio.1001382

People work hard to protect these living things. This helps keep the island's nature healthy and diverse.

Bol-renverse
Bol-renverse
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🖼️ Images & Media (31)
Motherland_(instrumental).ogg
File:D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg
D._Pedro_Mascarenhas.jpg
File:Het Tweede Boeck.jpg
Het Tweede Boeck.jpg
File:First African slaves to Mauritius.jpg
First African slaves to Mauritius.jpg
File:Combat de Grand Port mg 9425.jpg
Combat de Grand Port mg 9425.jpg
File:The taking of the Isle of France (Mauritius), 2 December 1810.jpg
The taking of the Isle of France...
File:Visual Art of the first indentured Indian labourers arriving in Mauritius (1834).jpg
Visual Art of the first indentured Indian...
File:Numa Desjardins Champ de Mars Port Louis 1880.jpg
Numa Desjardins Champ de Mars Port Louis 1880.jpg
File:The web of empire - a diary of the imperial tour of their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York in 1901 (1902) (14763807672).jpg
The web of empire - a diary of the...
File:Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, 1970.jpg
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, 1970.jpg
File:Stamp Mauritius 1954 5c.jpg
Stamp Mauritius 1954 5c.jpg
File:Mauriceybbrfrinwodas.jpg
Mauriceybbrfrinwodas.jpg

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