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Lewis Milestone

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Lewis Milestone was a prolific Russian-American filmmaker who helped define the early eras of cinema.

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Born Lev Milstein on September 30, 1895, in Kishinev, Russia, he came from a wealthy Jewish family. His parents originally intended for him to study engineering in Mittweida, Saxony. However, Milstein preferred the dramatic arts over his academic coursework. He eventually abandoned his studies to pursue a theatrical career in the United States. He arrived in Hoboken, New Jersey, on November 14, 1913, shortly after turning eighteen.

Life in America required Milestone to work many difficult jobs to survive. He served as a janitor, a door-to-door salesman, and a lace-machine operator. In 1915, he found work as a photographic assistant, which aligned better with his interests. This experience proved vital when he enlisted in the Army Signal Corps in 1917. During World War I, he trained in aerial photography and assisted with army training films. He also edited documentary combat footage while serving alongside future directors Josef von Sternberg and Victor Fleming.

After his discharge in February 1919, Milestone obtained U.S. citizenship. At the suggestion of an immigration judge, he legally changed his surname from Milstein to Milestone. He moved to Hollywood and began a long apprenticeship in the film industry. He initially worked as an assistant editor for producer Jesse D. Hampton. To support himself before his studio career took off, he briefly worked as a card dealer at a gambling venue. He eventually progressed from a "cutter" to a general assistant for director Henry King in 1920.

Between 1921 and 1926, Milestone took on almost any role available in Hollywood. He worked as an editor for Thomas Ince and a gag writer for comedian Harold Lloyd. He also wrote scenarios and treatments for various productions. This versatility earned him a reputation as an effective "film doctor." Studios often hired him to salvage movies that were not working well. His skills were so valued that Warner Brothers would loan him to other studios for rates much higher than his own salary. In 1926, Warner Brothers was paying him $400 a week, but they loaned him out for $1,000 a week or more.

Milestone made his directorial debut in 1925 with the film Seven Sinners. He proposed a deal to Jack L. Warner to write the story for free if he could direct it. The film was a semi-sophisticated comedy that included elements of slapstick. His next film, The Caveman (1926), earned him significant praise for his adroit direction. He showed a unique ability to transition between sophisticated comedy, slapstick, and suspense. However, his time at Warner Brothers ended in a legal dispute. He broke his contract after demanding the difference in pay when being loaned out, leading to a lawsuit and bankruptcy.

During the silent era, Milestone achieved major success with Two Arabian Knights in 1927. This film is considered one of his most outstanding works from that period. It was inspired by the stage play What Price Glory? and featured a comic triangle of characters. For his work on this film, Milestone won an Academy Award for Best Director in 1927. He beat out legendary filmmaker Charlie Chaplin, whose film The Circus was also nominated. This victory solidified his status as a top-tier director in the Hollywood studio system.

Milestone's career spanned many decades and included several iconic films. He directed the highly acclaimed All Quiet on the Western Front in 1930, which also earned him an Academy Award. His filmography includes diverse titles such as The Front Page (1931), Of Mice and Men (1939), and Ocean's 11 (1960). He also received directing credit for the 1962 production Mutiny on the Bounty.

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His journey from a Russian student to a celebrated Hollywood director remains a significant part of film history.

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