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Lacrosse

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Lacrosse is a fast-paced contact team sport.

Face-off
Face-off

It is the oldest organized sport in North America. Indigenous people played versions of the game as early as the 12th century. Many tribes called it "The Creator's Game." They played it to give thanks to the Creator or Master. It was also a way to bring honor to their tribes. In traditional Canadian versions, games were massive. Teams could have 100 to 1,000 men on a field several kilometers long. These matches lasted from sunup to sundown for two or three days.

Ball players
Ball players

Players use a lacrosse stick to control a ball. The stick has a head with a net on the end. Players use the head to carry, pass, catch, and shoot. The goal is to score by putting the ball into the opponent's goal. In men's field lacrosse, ten players are on each team.

Mens lacrosse diagram
Mens lacrosse diagram

These players have specific roles. There are three attackmen, three midfielders, three defensemen, and one goalie. Attackmen and midfielders usually use a short stick. Defensemen often use a long stick to reach the ball. The goalie uses a very wide stick to block shots.

Womens lacrosse stick head 2
Womens lacrosse stick head 2

There are five main versions of the sport today. Field lacrosse is the outdoor men's version. It is a contact sport requiring helmets, gloves, and pads. Women's lacrosse is also played outdoors. However, it does not allow body contact. Women only require eyegear, though goalies wear helmets and pads.

2005 NCAA Women's Lacrosse Championship - Virginia Cavaliers vs Northwestern Wildcats
2005 NCAA Women's Lacrosse Championship - Virginia Cavaliers vs Northwestern Wildcats

Box lacrosse is an indoor version. It is played in a "box," such as a hockey rink with turf. Box lacrosse is very physical and fast. It uses a shot clock to force teams to shoot within 30 seconds.

Box Lacrosse
Box Lacrosse

Lacrosse sixes is played on a smaller field by both men and women. Finally, intercrosse is a non-contact version. It uses all-plastic sticks and a softer ball.

History shows how the game was modified by European colonists. In 1637, French Jesuit missionaries saw the Huron tribes play. They called the game "la crosse" in French. In 1860, a Canadian dentist named William George Beers codified the rules. He founded the Montreal Lacrosse Club. He shortened the game and limited teams to 12 players. The first game under these rules was in 1867.

From rattlesnake hunt to hockey page 121 cropped
From rattlesnake hunt to hockey page 121 cropped

The women's game was introduced later. Louisa Lumsden brought it to Scotland in 1890. Rosabelle Sinclair started the first women's club in the United States in 1926.

In men's field lacrosse, the field is divided by a mid-field line. This line creates an offensive zone and a defensive zone. Teams must follow strict rules about player placement. For example, four players must stay in the defensive zone. Three players must stay in the offensive zone. If they do not, the team is called offsides.

Mens lacrosse diagram
Mens lacrosse diagram

Play often begins with a face-off. Two players place their sticks on the ground. They fight for the ball at the whistle.

Face-off
Face-off

During play, players can be penalized for fouls. Technical fouls include pushing or holding. Personal fouls include cross-checking or slashing. These dangerous moves result in players serving time.

Box lacrosse has very different rules and equipment. Because the space is small, the game is highly accelerated. The goaltender wears massive protective gear. This includes "uppers," which are chest and arm protectors. They also wear large leg pads and hockey-style masks. Unlike field lacrosse, cross-checking is legal in the box. This means players wear stronger rib and shoulder pads. In the National Lacrosse League, even fighting is handled with a five-minute penalty rather than an immediate ejection.

Lacrosse is a major international sport. The organization World Lacrosse governs the modern game. It is unique because it recognizes First Nations and Native American tribes as sovereign nations. World Lacrosse hosts many major tournaments. These include the Women's Lacrosse World Cup and the World Indoor Lacrosse Championship. These events happen every four years. Lacrosse has also been part of the Summer Olympics. It was contested in 1904 and 1908. It will return to the Olympics in 2028 using the lacrosse sixes format.

The sport is growing rapidly in the United States. A 2016 survey showed over 825,000 participants nationwide. It is the fastest-growing team sport in many schools. From its deep spiritual roots to modern professional leagues, lacrosse connects many different cultures and people.

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File:George Catlin - Ball-play of the Choctaw--Ball Up - Google Art Project.jpg
George Catlin - Ball-play of the...
File:Ball players.jpg
Ball players.jpg
File:From rattlesnake hunt to hockey page 121 cropped.jpg
From rattlesnake hunt to hockey page 121...
File:Mens lacrosse diagram.svg
Mens lacrosse diagram.svg
File:Face-off.jpg
Face-off.jpg
File:Box Lacrosse.jpg
Box Lacrosse.jpg
File:2005 NCAA Women's Lacrosse Championship - Virginia Cavaliers vs Northwestern Wildcats.jpg
2005 NCAA Women's Lacrosse Championship -...
File:Women's lacrosse.GIF
Women's lacrosse.GIF
File:1904 Winnipeg Shamrocks Lacrosse.jpg
1904 Winnipeg Shamrocks Lacrosse.jpg
File:Lacrosse dive shot.jpg
Lacrosse dive shot.jpg
File:Allegheny vs. Baldwin Wallace Lacrosse - 49599713087.jpg
Allegheny vs. Baldwin Wallace Lacrosse -...
File:Womens lacrosse stick head 2.jpg
Womens lacrosse stick head 2.jpg

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