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Kendo

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Kendo is a modern Japanese martial art centered on the discipline of the human character. It is practiced by people called kendōka, or sometimes swordsmen. The art uses the principles of the katana, a traditional Japanese sword, to mold both the mind and the body. Practitioners strive to cultivate a vigorous spirit through structured training. They also aim to hold courtesy and honor in high esteem. By practicing sincerely, kendōka hope to contribute to culture and promote global peace.

Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yoshitoshi-1873
Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yoshitoshi-1873

To practice safely, kendōka use specialized equipment called bōgu, which is protective armor. The head is shielded by a stylized helmet called a men. This helmet features a metal grille to protect the face and thick padding for the neck and shoulders. The hands and wrists are protected by kote, which are long, thickly padded fabric gloves. For the torso, players wear a piece called a dō. The waist and groin are guarded by a tare, which consists of three thick vertical fabric flaps.

Kendo EM 2005 - kote
Kendo EM 2005 - kote

Instead of real steel, practitioners use a shinai to represent the sword. A shinai is made of four bamboo slats held together by leather fittings. Some modern versions use carbon fiber reinforced resin slats instead of bamboo. The size of the shinai changes based on the age of the practitioner. For example, adults use a Size 39 shinai that is 120cm or less. Junior high school students use a smaller Size 37 shinai, which is 114cm or less. Under the armor, kendōka wear a kendogi jacket and wide trousers called hakama.

Japanese-Kendo-1873-by-Shinichi-Suzuki
Japanese-Kendo-1873-by-Shinichi-Suzuki

Kendo evolved from the ancient martial art of kenjutsu, which was the swordsmanship of samurai warriors. During the Shotoku Era, between 1711 and 1715, Naganuma developed early training methods using bamboo swords and armor. His son, Heizaemon, later refined this armor by adding a metal grille to the men. In the 1820s, Chiba Shūsaku introduced gekiken, or full-contact duels, to traditional curriculums. This made the use of bamboo swords and armor very popular.

Modern kendo was shaped by efforts to standardize sword styles for the police. In the late 1800s, Kawaji Toshiyoshi recruited various swordsmen to create a unified style. This led to the rise of the Battotai, a group of sword-wielding policemen. Although the government banned swords in 1876, Kawaji wrote books to defend the importance of these skills. In 1920, the name of the practice was officially changed from gekiken to kendo. After a ban following World War II, kendo returned to schools in 1950.

FENCING AT AN AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
FENCING AT AN AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL

Today, kendo is a massive global activity with many organized federations. The All Japan Kendo Federation was founded in 1952 to treat kendo as an educational sport. As of 2007, there were 1.48 million registered dan graded members in Japan. A survey by the federation estimated 1.66 million practitioners in Japan alone. Globally, there are over 6 million practitioners. The International Kendo Federation, founded in 1970, serves as the world governing body.

Lee Teng-hui younger
Lee Teng-hui younger

Training is a loud and energetic process. Kendōka use a shout called a kiai to express their fighting spirit. They also perform fumikomi-ashi, which is a powerful stamp of the front foot during a strike. Techniques are divided into two main categories: shikake-waza and ōji-waza. Shikake-waza are attack techniques used to initiate a strike or create an opening. Examples include katsugi-waza, where a player lifts the shinai over their shoulder for a surprise attack. ōji-waza are response techniques used to react to an opponent's movement.

Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yoshitoshi-1873
Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yoshitoshi-1873
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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Japanese-Kendo-1873-by-Shinichi-Suzuki.png
Japanese-Kendo-1873-by-Shinichi-Suzuki.png
File:Takasugishinsaku kendo.jpg
Takasugishinsaku kendo.jpg
File:FENCING AT AN AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL.jpg
FENCING AT AN AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL.jpg
File:Lee Teng-hui younger.jpg
Lee Teng-hui younger.jpg
File:Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yoshitoshi-1873.png
Kendo-Swordsmanship-Nishiki-e-Tsukioka-Yos...
File:Kendo EM 2005 - kote.jpg
Kendo EM 2005 - kote.jpg
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