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Impala

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The impala is a medium-sized antelope found in eastern and southern Africa.

Aepyceros melampus (Masai Mara, Kenya)
Aepyceros melampus (Masai Mara, Kenya)

These animals are very important to the wild because many large hunters eat them. This includes animals like lions, leopards, hyenas, and even pythons. There are two main types of impala that people recognize today. The common impala lives in many places across the continent.

Aepyceros melampus Impala in Tanzania 3490 Nevit
Aepyceros melampus Impala in Tanzania 3490 Nevit

The black-faced impala is larger and much darker. It lives in dry scrublands in parts of Angola and Namibia. While common impalas are doing well, there are fewer than 1,000 black-faced impalas left in the wild.

Impalas have several ways to stay safe from predators. One way is to use their amazing jumping skills. They can leap three meters high into the air.

Impala-stotting
Impala-stotting

They can even jump over other impalas to get away. They also use a special move called stotting. During stotting, the animal lands on its front legs and kicks its back legs in the air. This strange movement helps confuse a hunter. Another way they stay safe is by hiding in thick plants. They also have a loud roar to warn others. This sound can be heard from up to 3.5 kilometers away.

Scientists have studied these animals for a long time. A German zoologist named Hinrich Lichtenstein first described them in 1812.

ImpalaSerengetiNationalParkMar2011
ImpalaSerengetiNationalParkMar2011

The name "impala" comes from the Zulu language. The scientific name, Aepyceros melampus, uses Ancient Greek words. It means "black-footed high-horn." Some fossils show that impala ancestors lived a very long time ago. A scientist named Elisabeth Vrba noted that the impala has stayed mostly the same for five million years. This shows they are very well suited to their homes.

An impala's body is built for life in the African wild.

Males are larger and weigh between 45 and 70 kilograms. Females are smaller and weigh between 25 and 45 kilograms. Males grow long, ridged horns that look like a lyre instrument. These horns help males fight for dominance during the mating season. This season is called the rut and happens around May. The impala also has a glossy, reddish-brown coat. This coat has tan sides and a white belly. They have special teeth used for grooming themselves and others.

Impalas live in different social groups depending on the time of year.

SA05279-Impale
SA05279-Impale

You might see territorial males, bachelor herds, or female herds. Males often fight to keep a specific area for themselves. They also have a helpful relationship with birds called oxpeckers. These birds eat tiny pests called ticks off the impala's skin. This is a type of teamwork called symbiosis. The birds get a meal, and the impala gets cleaned. This helps the impala stay healthy in the hot sun.

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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:ImpalaSerengetiNationalParkMar2011.jpg
ImpalaSerengetiNationalParkMar2011.jpg
File:Impala AdeFrias.jpg
Impala AdeFrias.jpg
File:Impala-stotting.jpg
Impala-stotting.jpg
File:Aepyceros melampus (Masai Mara, Kenya).jpg
Aepyceros melampus (Masai Mara, Kenya).jpg
File:Fighting impalas brighten.jpg
Fighting impalas brighten.jpg
Impala (Aepyceros melampus) (W1CDR0000514...
File:Aepyceros melampus Impala in Tanzania 3490 Nevit.jpg
Aepyceros melampus Impala in Tanzania...
File:SA05279-Impale.jpg
SA05279-Impale.jpg
File:Impala Tracks.jpg
Impala Tracks.jpg
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