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Crimea

geography Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Crimea is a large peninsula located in Eastern Europe.

Satellite picture of Crimea, Terra-MODIS, 05-16-2015
Satellite picture of Crimea, Terra-MODIS, 05-16-2015

It sits on the northern coast of the Black Sea. The Black Sea almost entirely surrounds the land. A smaller body of water called the Sea of Azov is also nearby. To the northeast, a narrow strip of land called the Arabat Spit separates the sea from the Syvash lagoons. The peninsula connects to mainland Ukraine at the Isthmus of Perekop. To the east, a large structure called the Crimean Bridge spans the Strait of Kerch.

Крымский мост 21 декабря 2019 года
Крымский мост 21 декабря 2019 года

This bridge links the peninsula to Krasnodar Krai in Russia.

The geography of the area creates many different places to see. The southern coast has a subtropical climate and beautiful scenery.

Novyi Svit IMG 2941 1725
Novyi Svit IMG 2941 1725

You might see mountains right next to the sea.

Mountains by the sea, Горы на побережье, море, Судак, Крым, Crimea
Mountains by the sea, Горы на побережье, море, Судак, Крым, Crimea

Some areas have lovely beaches for visitors.

Koreiz - beach3
Koreiz - beach3

In the cities, people use different ways to travel. For example, there is a trolleybus near Alushta.

Crimea South Coast 04-14 img01 Simferopol-Yalta trolley
Crimea South Coast 04-14 img01 Simferopol-Yalta trolley

There is also a cableway in the city of Yalta.

Yalta Kanatka
Yalta Kanatka

These features make the land feel very diverse.

Crimea has a very long and complex history.

Sevastopol Chersonesus Basilica of 1935 IMG 0669 1725
Sevastopol Chersonesus Basilica of 1935 IMG 0669 1725

Ancient Greeks established colonies on the southern coast around the 5th century BCE. One important colony was Chersonesos. The land was known as the Tauric Peninsula for a long time. Later, the Roman and Byzantine Empires held control over the region. In the 13th century, the Golden Horde occupied the interior.

Crimean Khanate Map 1502
Crimean Khanate Map 1502

After the Golden Horde, the Crimean Khanate emerged. This group later became part of the Ottoman Empire.

Many different groups have ruled this land over the centuries. The Russian Empire took control of Crimea in 1783. Because of its location, Crimea was a key site during the Crimean War in 1854.

Siege of Sevastopol by George Baxter
Siege of Sevastopol by George Baxter

During World War II, Germany occupied the peninsula. In 1944, the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered the deportation of the Crimean Tatars.

Bahtšisarai-Khaani palee Krimmis
Bahtšisarai-Khaani palee Krimmis

In 1954, the USSR transferred the region to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. After Ukraine became independent in 1991, Crimea became an autonomous republic. The population of the region is about 2.4 million people.

Simferopol 04-14 img18 K-Marx-Street
Simferopol 04-14 img18 K-Marx-Street

Sevastopol is the largest city in Crimea.

Today, the status of Crimea is a major topic for the world.

VOA-armed men 01-03-14
VOA-armed men 01-03-14

Most countries recognize Crimea as part of Ukraine. However, Russian forces occupied the peninsula in 2014. Russia then annexed the land. This means they took control of it. The name "Crimea" actually comes from an Italian form of the word. The name might be related to a Turkic word meaning "to fence" or "to protect."

Sudak, Crimea, The Genoese Fortress
Sudak, Crimea, The Genoese Fortress

This reflects how the land has been defended throughout history.

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🖼️ Images & Media (26)
File:Satellite picture of Crimea, Terra-MODIS, 05-16-2015.jpg
Satellite picture of Crimea, Terra-MODIS,...
File:Sevastopol Chersonesus Basilica of 1935 IMG 0669 1725.jpg
Sevastopol Chersonesus Basilica of 1935...
File:Sudak, Crimea, The Genoese Fortress.jpg
Sudak, Crimea, The Genoese Fortress.jpg
File:Crimean Khanate Map 1502.svg
Crimean Khanate Map 1502.svg
File:Siege of Sevastopol by George Baxter.jpg
Siege of Sevastopol by George Baxter.jpg
File:Jalta-confer.jpg
Jalta-confer.jpg
File:VOA-armed men 01-03-14.jpg
VOA-armed men 01-03-14.jpg
File:Mountains by the sea, Горы на побережье, море, Судак, Крым, Crimea.jpg
Mountains by the sea, Горы на побережье,...
File:Eclizee-burun-mountain.jpg
Eclizee-burun-mountain.jpg
File:Nord-Krim-Kanal.png
Nord-Krim-Kanal.png
File:Ялта Южный берег ДДима.jpg
Ялта Южный берег ДДима.jpg
File:Novyi Svit IMG 2941 1725.jpg
Novyi Svit IMG 2941 1725.jpg

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