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Visual impairment

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Visual impairment is when a person cannot see clearly. It can mean seeing things with a bit of blur. It can also mean having no sight at all. This is often called blindness.

Velázquez Blind woman
Velázquez Blind woman

These vision problems can make daily tasks very hard. Tasks like reading or walking might become difficult. People may need special tools to help them every day. These tools can include glasses or even assistive devices.

Long cane folded
Long cane folded

Vision loss happens in many different ways. One common way is through uncorrected refractive errors. This happens when the eye does not focus light correctly. These errors include being near-sighted or far-sighted. Another common cause is cataracts, which make the eye cloudy.

Cataracts are actually the most common cause of blindness. Other causes include glaucoma or infections like river blindness. Sometimes, problems in the brain can also cause vision issues.

Doctors use eye exams to find these problems. They look at how well a person sees at different distances. In 2010, the World Health Organization changed how they define vision loss. They now look at "presenting visual acuity." This means they look at how a person sees right now. This is better than looking at how they see with glasses.

This change helps include more people who lack medical care.

There are many important facts about vision around the world. The World Health Organization says 80% of vision loss is preventable. This includes treating things like cataracts or certain infections. There were 940 million people with some vision loss. Out of these, 246 million had low vision. About 39 million people were blind.

Banknote feature
Banknote feature

Most people with poor vision are over 50 years old. They often live in the developing world.

Many tools help people with vision loss live well. Some people use braille to read with their fingers.

Watch for the blind2
Watch for the blind2

Others use a long cane to help them walk.

Caoguia2006
Caoguia2006

Some people even use guide dogs to help them move.

Caoguia2006
Caoguia2006

Low vision specialists can also help people use magnification. This might be a telescope for seeing far away. It might be electronic tools for reading close up. These tools help people stay active and connected to others.

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🖼️ Images & Media (17)
File:Number-of-people-with-blindness-due-to-each-cause.png
Number-of-people-with-blindness-due-to-eac...
File:68-4062-1 (ATED).jpg
68-4062-1 (ATED).jpg
File:Re-educating wounded. Blind French soldiers learning to make baskets. American Red Cross., 1917 - 1919 - NARA - 533674.jpg
Re-educating wounded. Blind French...
Exploring-Eye-Movements-in-Patients-with-G...
File:Tommy Edison blind cooking.jpg
Tommy Edison blind cooking.jpg
File:Long cane folded.jpg
Long cane folded.jpg
File:Caoguia2006.jpg
Caoguia2006.jpg
File:Blind girl feels shape of vehicle near Mana village, Uttarakhand.jpg
Blind girl feels shape of vehicle near...
File:Visually impaired girl negotiating a rock while rock climbing.jpg
Visually impaired girl negotiating a rock...
File:Watch for the blind2.jpg
Watch for the blind2.jpg
File:Banknote feature.JPG
Banknote feature.JPG
File:Roca seta -mushroom rock- (Los Barruecos).jpg
Roca seta -mushroom rock- (Los Barruecos).jpg

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