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Tomahawk

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A tomahawk is a small, single-handed axe used by many Indigenous nations in North America.

Tomakawk
Tomakawk

The name comes from the Powhatan language. It likely means "to cut off by tool." Some sources say it comes from an Algonquian word meaning "to knock down." These tools were very important to many different groups. They were used as general tools for many jobs. They were also used as weapons in hand-to-hand combat.

Tomakawk-rmj
Tomakawk-rmj

Making a tomahawk involves several different parts and materials.

Long ago, people used stones that were shaped by a process called knapping or pecking. They attached these stone heads to wooden handles using strips of rawhide. Later, European settlers introduced heads made of iron and steel. Most modern handles are made of woods like hickory, ash, or maple. The metal heads often weigh between 1 and 2 pounds. The cutting edge is usually not much longer than the distance from a person's toe to their heel.

The Algonquian people originally created the tomahawk.

Inlaid Tomahawk Pipe Bowl, early 19th century, 50.67.103
Inlaid Tomahawk Pipe Bowl, early 19th century, 50.67.103

This design spread quickly to tribes in the South and the Great Plains. Some special versions are called pipe tomahawks. These have a small bowl on the back of the axe head, called the poll. A hole is drilled through the handle so smoke can pass through. European and American makers created these as trade items or diplomatic gifts. They symbolized a choice between peace and war. One end was a pipe for peace, and the other was an axe for war.

History shows many different types of tomahawks being used.

In the late 1700s, the British Army gave tomahawks to soldiers during the American Revolutionary War. During the Vietnam War, some units used versions called "Vietnam tomahawks." Even more recently, the US Army used them in Iraq and Afghanistan. Some of these were even part of a "Class 9 rescue kit." They were kept inside Stryker vehicles as part of a modular entry tool set. This shows how the tool changed over hundreds of years.

Today, the tomahawk is used for many new activities.

U.S. Army Spc. Kirk Calabrese with Bravo Company, 2nd Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment throws a tomahawk
U.S. Army Spc. Kirk Calabrese with Bravo Company, 2nd Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment throws a tomahawk

Many people enjoy tomahawk throwing as a sport. Groups like the World Axe Throwing League have specific rules for these contests. Other people use them for camping or bushcraft because they are slim and light. Some companies even make "tactical tomahawks" for law enforcement. You might even see them in movies or video games. This keeps the history of the tool alive in our modern world.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Tomakawk-rmj.JPG
Tomakawk-rmj.JPG
File:Sims Tactical Solutions Tomahawk.jpg
Sims Tactical Solutions Tomahawk.jpg
File:Inlaid Tomahawk Pipe Bowl, early 19th century, 50.67.103.jpg
Inlaid Tomahawk Pipe Bowl, early 19th...
File:Tomakawk.jpg
Tomakawk.jpg
File:Tomahawk in stump.jpg
Tomahawk in stump.jpg
File:Masterpiece of craftsmanship - Franziska forged in modern Tomahawk shape design from cannon steel from the Leopard I battle tank - axe style made of a more than 150-year-old walnut tree.jpg
Masterpiece of craftsmanship - Franziska...
File:U.S. Army Spc. Kirk Calabrese with Bravo Company, 2nd Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment throws a tomahawk.jpg
U.S. Army Spc. Kirk Calabrese with Bravo...
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