Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
📖

Table tennis

sports Maturity 11-13 Vital Level 3 Next article →

Table tennis is a high-speed racket sport played on a stationary table.

Table Tennis Table Blue
Table Tennis Table Blue

It is often called ping-pong, though that name was once a trademark. Players compete individually or in teams of two. They use small rackets to hit a light, hollow ball over a net. The goal is to return the ball so the opponent cannot. If a player fails to return the ball, the opponent earns a point. This sport is unique because of its heavy emphasis on spin. Spin can change the ball's trajectory more than in most other ball sports.

To play properly, players use specific equipment. The table is 2.74 meters long and 1.525 meters wide.

Table Tennis Table Blue
Table Tennis Table Blue

It stands 76 centimeters high and has a dark, matte surface. A net divides the table into two halves at a height of 15.25 centimeters. The ball is a sphere with a mass of 2.7 grams.

TT Plastic ball 40+ ITTF V1
TT Plastic ball 40+ ITTF V1

It has a diameter of 40 millimeters. Modern balls are made of a polymer material rather than celluloid. They are usually white or orange to ensure visibility against the table. Players use a racket, also called a bat or paddle. The wooden part is known as the blade.

Shakehand1
Shakehand1

This blade is often made of various woods like balsa or hinoki. At least 85% of the blade's thickness must be natural wood.

The racket is covered with rubber on one or both sides. This rubber can provide different levels of speed or spin. To help players tell the sides apart, one side must be matte black. The other side can be red, blue, green, pink, or violet.

Assortment of 40 mm table tennis balls
Assortment of 40 mm table tennis balls

Players can even flip their racket during a match to change their style. This allows them to use different types of rubber returns. The game is very fast, so players must be able to see which side of the opponent's racket struck the ball.

A match begins with a service. The first server is usually decided by a coin toss or a game of chance. To serve correctly, a player must hold the ball in an open palm. They must toss the ball vertically at least 16 centimeters into the air.

Service en double (tennis de table)
Service en double (tennis de table)

The server then strikes the ball so it bounces on their side first. It must then pass over the net and land on the opponent's side. This rule prevents players from hiding the ball during a serve. It also helps the opponent see the ball coming to increase the length of rallies.

Table tennis has a long and varied history. It began in Victorian England as an after-dinner parlour game. Some believe British military officers in India created makeshift versions in the 1860s or 1870s. They used books as nets and even used books as rackets! In 1901, James W. Gibb discovered celluloid balls that were perfect for the game. E.C. Goode invented the modern racket that same year by adding rubber to a wooden blade. The name "ping-pong" was trademarked by J. Jaques & Son Ltd in 1901. Later, Parker Brothers enforced the trademark in the United States. This caused many groups to adopt the name "table tennis" instead.

The sport is now governed by the International Table Tennis Federation, or ITTF.

The ITTF was founded in 1926 and holds 226 member associations. It publishes the official rules in a handbook. Table tennis has been an Olympic sport since 1988.

Olympic rings without rims
Olympic rings without rims

The Olympics features singles and team events for both men and women. Since 2008, the team events have replaced the doubles categories. The sport is popular worldwide because it can be played indoors in any climate. Its small playing area and accessible equipment make it a common recreational pastime.

Rules have changed over time to make the sport better for spectators. After the 2000 Olympics, the ITTF replaced 38 mm balls with 40 mm balls.

Assortment of 40 mm table tennis balls
Assortment of 40 mm table tennis balls

This larger size increased air resistance and slowed the game down. In 2001, the scoring system changed from 21 points to 11 points. This change was intended to make matches more fast-paced and exciting for television. These adjustments helped balance the incredible speed of the modern game. Today, table tennis remains a highly technical and competitive global sport.

700 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (20)
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
File:Table Tennis Table Blue.svg
Table Tennis Table Blue.svg
File:Olympic rings without rims.svg
Olympic rings without rims.svg
File:Service en double (tennis de table).svg
Service en double (tennis de table).svg
File:TT Plastic ball 40+ ITTF V1.jpg
TT Plastic ball 40+ ITTF V1.jpg
File:Mondial Ping - Men's Singles - Round 4 - Kenta Matsudaira-Vladimir Samsonov - 57.jpg
Mondial Ping - Men's Singles - Round 4 -...
File:Mondial Ping - Mixed Doubles - Final - 49.jpg
Mondial Ping - Mixed Doubles - Final - 49.jpg
File:Natalia Partyka WTTC2016.jpeg
Natalia Partyka WTTC2016.jpeg
File:PRK USA women's doubles Universiade2017 2.jpg
PRK USA women's doubles Universiade2017 2.jpg
File:Ping-Pong 2.jpg
Ping-Pong 2.jpg
File:Ito Mima crying WTTC2016 1.jpeg
Ito Mima crying WTTC2016 1.jpeg
File:Cpen fh bh.png
Cpen fh bh.png

+ 8 more

More to explore

🔗 What's this?

Concepts mentioned in this article

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.