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Air hockey

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Air hockey is a fast-paced tabletop sport played by two opposing players.

Air Hockey Table
Air Hockey Table

The objective is to score goals against an opponent using hand-held tools. These tools are called mallets, strikers, or paddles. Players use them to strike a lightweight plastic puck across a specialized table. The game is designed to simulate the sliding movement of an ice hockey puck on a polished rink. Because the surface is so slippery, the puck moves with high velocity and very little loss of speed.

The mechanics of the game rely on a thin cushion of air.

Airtrack
Airtrack

The air hockey table features a smooth playing surface with many tiny vent holes. A machine inside the table ejects low-pressure compressed air through these holes. This air lifts the puck, causing it to hover just above the surface. This process significantly reduces friction between the puck and the table. The table also includes a surrounding rail to keep the puck and mallets in play. At each end, slits in the rail serve as the goals. Most tables also feature a puck return system located behind and below the goals.

Equipment used in competitive play is very specific. The pucks are discs made of Lexan polycarbonate resin.

AHpuck
AHpuck

In official matches, these pucks are colored yellow, red, or green. Competitive players often place a layer of thin white tape on the top side of the puck. The mallets come in different styles. "High-tops" look like small plastic sombreros. "Flat-tops" are a different style with a shorter nub. For professional tournament play, only 8-foot tables are sanctioned. These include models from Gold Standard Games, Dynamo, or original Brunswick commercial tables. Smaller versions, called mini air hockey tables, are not used for official competitions.

The history of air hockey traces back to older air table technology. In the 1940s, air tables acted as conveyors for heavy objects like cardboard boxes. These early tables used large holes plugged by ball bearings to lift objects. In the early 1960s, physicists used air tracks for educational purposes. Professor John Stull created a simple air track using a vacuum cleaner under a perforated surface. By the late 1960s, the Ealing Corporation developed a tabletop using a honeycomb structure between fiberboard or plexiglass sheets. Between 1969 and 1972, employees at Brunswick Billiards created the modern game. Engineers Phil Crossman, Bob Kenrick, and Brad Baldwin began the project. Bob Lemieux later refined the game by adding slit-like goals with photodetectors.

Competitive play follows a strict set of rules to ensure fairness.

The first player to reach 7 points wins the match. A face-off determines who gets the first possession of the puck. Players must complete a shot toward the goal within seven seconds. Once a goal is scored, the player has ten seconds to return the puck to play. Certain actions result in fouls. "Palming" is the prohibited use of the hand to touch the puck. "Goal tending" is using hands to prevent a goal. If a player commits a technical foul, the opponent receives a free shot. The offender cannot defend this shot but may resume play if the puck misses.

Professional players use advanced techniques to improve their skill.

Air Hockey Mallet
Air Hockey Mallet

Instead of resting their hands on top, they grip the mallet behind the knob using their fingertips. This allows for more wrist action and faster movement. For defense, players often use a "triangle defense." This involves pulling the mallet quickly to the corners of the goal to block bank shots. Players also use "drifts," which are set puck patterns like the "diamond," "diagonal," or "L" shapes. These patterns are designed to confuse an opponent's timing. Some players even use "cut shots" by hitting the puck at different locations on the mallet to change its direction.

Today, air hockey is supported by several international organizations.

Flag of the United States
Flag of the United States

The United States Air Hockey Association (USAA) was formed in 1975. It has sanctioned at least one national or World championship every year. The USAA has crowned 12 different champions over a 30-year period. In 2015, the Air Hockey Players Association (AHPA) was also announced. Both organizations operate independently but follow similar rules. The AHPA crowned its first world champion, Colin Cummings, in July 2015. The sport has a global community with major scenes in the United States, Spain, Russia, and the Czech Republic.

Flag of the Czech Republic
Flag of the Czech Republic
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Airtrack.JPG
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Air Hockey Table.JPG
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Air Hockey Mallet.jpg
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File:AHpuck.jpg
AHpuck.jpg
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Flag of the United States.svg
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