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Carrom

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Carrom is a precision tabletop game of Indian origin.

Carromboard
Carromboard

It is a game of skill where players use a heavy disc to strike smaller pieces into corner pockets. This style of play is very similar to billiards or pool. The name likely comes from the word "carom," which means to strike and rebound. Players must master angles and rebounds to succeed. Today, carrom is a popular social activity in many parts of the world. It is played by families at home and by professionals in clubs and cafés.

Tiibetans playing carrom in Delhi
Tiibetans playing carrom in Delhi

The game is played on a square plywood board. Each of the four corners has a pocket. These pockets have a net underneath to hold the pieces. The playing surface must be smooth to allow the pieces to glide. To make this happen, players use a fine-grained powder. Boric acid is a common choice for this powder. In the UK, some players use a special starch powder with specific electrostatic properties. This powder reduces friction so the pieces slide easily.

Boys playing ’Shove H’Apenny,
Boys playing ’Shove H’Apenny,

A standard carrom set contains 19 pieces. These include 9 white carrom men and 9 black carrom men. There is also one special red piece known as the queen.

Carrom coin 3
Carrom coin 3

These small discs are made of wood or plastic. They have a smooth surface and a rounded edge. According to International Carrom Federation (ICF) rules, they must be between 3.02 cm and 3.18 cm in diameter. They also weigh between 5.0 and 5.5 grams. To move these pieces, players use a larger, heavier disc called a striker. The striker typically weighs 15 grams and has a 4.1 cm diameter.

Before the match begins, players must decide who goes first. This is done through a process called "the toss" or "calling the carrom men." An umpire hides one black piece in one hand and one white piece in the other. The players guess which color is in which hand. The winner of the toss gets to make the opening break. The player who takes the first shot plays the white pieces. Their opponent then plays the black pieces. If a player cannot score, they lose their turn.

The queen is the most valuable piece in the game. It is placed in the center circle during setup. Pocketing the queen adds 3 points to a player's score. However, pocketing the queen requires a special move called "covering." After a player pockets the queen, they must pocket one of their own colored pieces on the next shot. If they fail to do this, the queen is returned to the center of the board. If a player pockets the queen and their own piece in a single strike, the queen is automatically covered. This requires great accuracy and control.

Carrom has a deep history that spans many decades. The game originated in India, where even a glass-surfaced board is kept in a palace in Patiala. By the early 20th century, state-level competitions were held across India. Serious tournaments began in Sri Lanka around 1935. By 1958, both India and Sri Lanka had official federations. The International Carrom Federation (ICF) was formed in 1988 in Chennai, India. The ICF codified the formal rules for the Indian version of the game that same year. Other nations have since formed their own groups, such as the German Carrom Federation in 1986 and the Japan Carrom Federation in 1997.

Many rules exist to ensure fair play and maintain the challenge. For example, sinking the striker is a foul that results in a penalty. This penalty is usually 10 points. Players must also be careful not to touch the diagonal lines on the board. If a player pockets an opponent's piece, they lose their turn. The game is highly competitive and can involve complex strategies. Players must consider how to obstruct their opponent's pieces while clearing their own. This combination of physics and strategy makes carrom a globally respected sport.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Tiibetans playing carrom in Delhi.jpg
Tiibetans playing carrom in Delhi.jpg
File:Carromboard.JPG
Carromboard.JPG
File:Carrom coin 3.jpg
Carrom coin 3.jpg
File:Boys playing ’Shove H’Apenny,.jpg
Boys playing ’Shove H’Apenny,.jpg
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