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Surya

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Surya is the sun deity in the Hindu tradition.

Lord Surya
Lord Surya

Many people see him as the eye of the universe. He is also thought to be the source of all life. In the ancient Vedas, he is described as the one who dispels darkness. He is believed to give power to knowledge and all living things. Some early texts even call him the creator of the material universe. Because he is so important, he is a major part of many different Indian faiths.

In many works of art, Surya is shown riding a bright chariot.

8th century Surya on chariot in ceiling at Virupaksha Shaivism temple, Pattadakal Hindu monuments Karnataka 2
8th century Surya on chariot in ceiling at Virupaksha Shaivism temple, Pattadakal Hindu monuments Karnataka 2

This chariot is often pulled by seven horses. These seven horses can represent the seven colors of light. They can also stand for the seven days of the week. Surya is often depicted holding lotus flowers in his hands.

A Nepalese stone sculpture depicting the Sun god Surya, Bhaktapur
A Nepalese stone sculpture depicting the Sun god Surya, Bhaktapur

Some ancient texts say he should wear a crown and even high boots. His chariot driver is named Aruṇa, who is usually shown sitting down.

Surya is a central figure in many famous epic stories.

In the Mahabharata, a great warrior named Karna is the son of Surya. In the Ramayana, the hero Rama was taught a special hymn to praise the sun. These stories show how much people respected his power. Surya is also linked to the dawn goddesses, Usha and Pratyusha. They are often shown shooting arrows to challenge the darkness. These goddesses can be seen as his wives or his helpers.

Many beautiful buildings have been made to honor him over the years.

Modhera SunTemple
Modhera SunTemple

The Konark Temple in Odisha is a very famous site. There are also many sun temples in places like Bihar and Rajasthan. One temple in Bihar is called the Deo Surya Mandir.

People celebrate many special festivals to show their respect for the sun. These include Makar Sankranti, Ratha Saptami, and Chath puja. These festivals are celebrated in many Indian states like Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Surya's influence can be seen in many different ways today. He is the basis for the day called Sunday in the Hindu calendar. In astrology, he is the lord of the constellation Leo.

Sunrise from Kausani, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
Sunrise from Kausani, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

His importance is also found in the arts of Buddhism and Jainism. Even though the worship of sun temples changed around the 13th century, his ideas remain. Many people still find wonder in the way he lights up the world. He connects the sky above us to the stories and traditions of the earth.

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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:8th century Surya on chariot in ceiling at Virupaksha Shaivism temple, Pattadakal Hindu monuments Karnataka 2.jpg
8th century Surya on chariot in ceiling...
File:Sunrise from Kausani, Almora, Uttarakhand, India.jpg
Sunrise from Kausani, Almora,...
File:Lord Surya.JPG
Lord Surya.JPG
File:Modhera SunTemple.JPG
Modhera SunTemple.JPG
File:Sun-temple DEO Aurangabad Bihar,India.jpg
Sun-temple DEO Aurangabad Bihar,India.jpg
File:Corinthian Capital with Sun God Surya Riding a Chariot (Quadriga) Gandhara 100-200 CE.jpg
Corinthian Capital with Sun God Surya...
File:A Nepalese stone sculpture depicting the Sun god Surya, Bhaktapur.jpg
A Nepalese stone sculpture depicting the...
File:6 images Makar Sankranti collage.jpg
6 images Makar Sankranti collage.jpg
File:Delhi Airport in July, 2018 10.jpg
Delhi Airport in July, 2018 10.jpg
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Wajangpop van karbouwenhuid Bima voorstellend TMnr 1772-528.jpg
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Wajangpop van...
File:The Sun God Surya LACMA M.79.189.9 (1 of 2).jpg
The Sun God Surya LACMA M.79.189.9 (1 of 2).jpg
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