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Raymond Washington

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Raymond Lee Washington was a central figure in the history of Los Angeles street gangs. Born on August 14, 1953, he was the youngest of four sons. His parents were Violet Samuel and Reginald Cecil Washington. His parents separated when he was two years old. He grew up on East 76th Street in South Central Los Angeles.

During his youth, Washington was known for his physical strength and fighting ability. Neighbors had different views of his character. His mother believed he wanted to protect his community from bad people. However, some neighbors described him as a muscular bully. He struggled in school and was expelled from several institutions. These included Locke High School and Fairfax High School.

In the late 1960s, youth crime rose in neighborhoods like Watts. Older gangs like the Slausons had been ended by activist groups. This created a gap that many new youth gangs filled. Washington first joined a gang called The Avenues. After a fight with its leader, Craig Munson, Washington left the group. In late 1969, he organized his own gang called the Baby Avenues.

Washington changed the gang landscape in 1971 through a major alliance. He met Stanley "Tookie" Williams at Washington Preparatory High School. Washington proposed a confederation of gangs to Williams and Mac Thomas. This plan united West Side gangs under the Crip branding. The Crips became the first major African-American street gang in Los Angeles. They quickly became the largest gang in the city.

This rapid growth led to significant social changes and conflict. As the Crips grew, other groups formed the Bloods to protect their independence. This created an instant rivalry between the two large alliances. The rivalry caused a surge in violent crime across Los Angeles. Many disaffected youths joined the Crips to find a sense of belonging. The original leadership soon faced many challenges from prison and death.

In 1974, Washington was convicted of second-degree robbery. He was sentenced to five years at the Deuel Vocational Institution. While incarcerated, he faced hostility from other prison groups. Some inmates blamed him for the deaths of their relatives on the streets. He was paroled in 1976 and returned to Los Angeles. He found that the gang had become much more violent than before.

Washington grew disillusioned with the decentralized and violent nature of the Crips. He wanted to reunify the gang under one umbrella. He also hoped to negotiate a truce with the Bloods. However, he had lost much of his former influence. On August 9, 1979, Washington was killed in a drive-by shooting. He was 25 years old and died at Morningside Hospital. His murder remains an unsolved case in criminal history.

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