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Pastel

arts Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Pastels are a beautiful way to make art.

Commercial pastels
Commercial pastels

They are made of powdered pigment mixed with a binder. This binder is a substance that holds the color together. Pastels come in many shapes. You might find them as sticks, squares, pebbles, or even in small pans. Because they have so much pure pigment, the colors look very bright and natural. This makes them different from many other types of art. An artwork made this way is simply called a pastel.

Using pastels is a very hands-on way to work. An artist moves the pastel stick over a surface to leave color behind. The surface must have something called "tooth." This means the paper or canvas is rough enough to grab the powder.

Frottage 02
Frottage 02

There are many ways to use these tools. Soft pastels have more pigment and less binder, so they smudge and blend easily. Hard pastels have more binder and are better for fine details. Some artists even use oil pastels, which feel buttery and have intense colors.

Commercial pastels
Commercial pastels

Artists have used pastels for a very long time. People have used them since the Renaissance period. They became very popular during the 18th century. During that time, many famous artists chose pastels as their main way to make art. The medium has been especially loved in French art.

Louis15-1
Louis15-1

The name "pastel" comes from a Latin word meaning "woad paste." In 1662, the French language began using the word "pastel." This is also why we use the word "pastel" to describe pale colors today.

Many different types of pastels exist for different jobs. Soft pastels are the most common kind used by artists. Pan pastels are a newer invention from the 21st century. They come in flat pans and are applied with special sponge tools.

Commercial pastels
Commercial pastels

There are also pastel pencils for adding tiny details. Some artists even use water-soluble pastels. These can be mixed with water to make them look like thin, see-through paint.

Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore Robinson
Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore Robinson

This allows the artist to blend colors in a very smooth way.

Pastel art is wonderful for making portraits and landscapes.

Odilon Redon (French - Baronne de Domecy - Google Art Project
Odilon Redon (French - Baronne de Domecy - Google Art Project

Some artists, like Edgar Degas, even used pastels on canvas. This helped them make thicker layers of color.

Edgar DEGAS La Danseuse Rose, Pastel on canvas
Edgar DEGAS La Danseuse Rose, Pastel on canvas

Because the powder is not held by much glue, it needs protection. Artists often frame their work under glass to stop smudging. They must also keep the art away from bright light so the colors do not fade.

Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore Robinson
Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore Robinson

Taking good care of a pastel ensures it stays bright for a long time.

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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:William Merritt Chase, Study of Flesh Color and Gold, 1888, NGA 103252.jpg
William Merritt Chase, Study of Flesh...
File:Louis15-1.jpg
Louis15-1.jpg
File:Commercial pastels.JPG
Commercial pastels.JPG
File:Odilon Redon (French - Baronne de Domecy - Google Art Project.jpg
Odilon Redon (French - Baronne de Domecy...
File:Edgar DEGAS La Danseuse Rose, Pastel on canvas.jpg
Edgar DEGAS La Danseuse Rose, Pastel on canvas.jpg
File:Frottage 02.jpg
Frottage 02.jpg
File:Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore Robinson.jpg
Brooklyn Museum - On the Cliff - Theodore...
File:The Offering MET DP237944.jpg
The Offering MET DP237944.jpg
File:Chardin pastel selfportrait.jpg
Chardin pastel selfportrait.jpg
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