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New Brunswick

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New Brunswick is a province in Eastern Canada.

New Brunswick topographic map-fr
New Brunswick topographic map-fr

It sits near the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the Bay of Fundy. To the northwest, it borders Quebec. To the east, it meets Nova Scotia. The U.S. state of Maine lies to the southwest. Much of this land is covered in green trees. About 83% of the province is forest. In the north, you can see the Appalachian mountains.

027 NB BigNictauLake DSC 1468
027 NB BigNictauLake DSC 1468

The weather changes with the seasons. Winters are snowy and cold. Summers are temperate and pleasant.

New Brunswick Köppen
New Brunswick Köppen

Life in the province is shared by many different people. About 775,610 people live here.

NB Population Density 2021
NB Population Density 2021

Many people live in urban areas. These include the cities of Moncton, Saint John, and Fredericton.

Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

New Brunswick is a place with two official languages. English is spoken by about two thirds of the people. French is spoken by about one third. In 1969, a law made both languages official. This means you can choose which language to use for government services.

Bienvenue au Nouveau-Brunswick
Bienvenue au Nouveau-Brunswick

This helps keep the many cultures together.

Long ago, the land belonged to three First Nations. These are the Mi’kmaq, Wolastoqiyik, and Passamaquoddy. The Mi’kmaq live mostly on the eastern coast. The Wolastoqiyik and Passamaquoddy live in the west.

Administrative areas of New Brunswick with First Nations lands map-blank
Administrative areas of New Brunswick with First Nations lands map-blank

European explorers arrived later. Jacques Cartier explored the coasts in 1534. Later, the French founded a colony called Acadia. The people who lived there became the Acadians. They built special walls to farm in the marshes. However, many Acadians were forced to leave during the Great Upheaval. This happened between 1755 and 1764 when the British took control.

New Brunswick became its own province in 1784. It was created after the American Revolution. Many people called Loyalists came to live there. They wanted to stay with the British crown.

Henry Sandham - The Coming of the Loyalists
Henry Sandham - The Coming of the Loyalists

The province was named for King George III. At first, it was even called New Ireland. In 1785, Saint John became the first city.

Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

Later, New Brunswick joined with other places to form Canada in 1867. This was a very big change for the region. The province has grown and changed many times since then.

Today, many different jobs keep the province moving. A large part of the economy comes from services. This includes things like government work. Other people work in construction or making things in factories.

PulpAndPaperMill
PulpAndPaperMill

Some people work with wood, like in lumbering.

Stacks of timber awaiting transport to the mills in New Brunswick, Canada
Stacks of timber awaiting transport to the mills in New Brunswick, Canada

Tourism is also very important for the people. About 9% of the workforce works in tourism. Visitors love to see the Hopewell Rocks.

They also visit places like Fundy National Park. New Brunswick is a place of many stories and beautiful sights.

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🖼️ Images & Media (21)
File:FortBeausejour1750McCordMuseum.jpg
FortBeausejour1750McCordMuseum.jpg
File:Henry Sandham - The Coming of the Loyalists.jpg
Henry Sandham - The Coming of the Loyalists.jpg
File:Alexander Henderson, Intercolonial Railway bridge at Sackville, NB, 1875.jpg
Alexander Henderson, Intercolonial...
File:Bienvenue au Nouveau-Brunswick.jpg
Bienvenue au Nouveau-Brunswick.jpg
File:New Brunswick topographic map-fr.svg
New Brunswick topographic map-fr.svg
File:New Brunswick Köppen.svg
New Brunswick Köppen.svg
File:Furbish lousewort (37037460636).jpg
Furbish lousewort (37037460636).jpg
File:Sandstone in Canada - IMG 0791 (11385934064).jpg
Sandstone in Canada - IMG 0791 (11385934064).jpg
File:027 NB BigNictauLake DSC 1468.JPG
027 NB BigNictauLake DSC 1468.JPG
File:NB Population Density 2021.svg
NB Population Density 2021.svg
File:New Brunswick CSD Languages, 2016.svg
New Brunswick CSD Languages, 2016.svg
File:Saint_John,_New_Brunswick,_Canada.jpg
Saint_John,_New_Brunswick,_Canada.jpg

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