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Bay of Fundy

geography Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The Bay of Fundy is a very special place on Earth. It is a large bay located between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. A small part of the bay also touches the state of Maine in the U.S. This bay is an arm of the Gulf of Maine and is part of the Atlantic Ocean.

Saint John, NB
Saint John, NB

It is famous because it has the highest tidal range in the entire world. This means the difference between high tide and low tide is much larger here than anywhere else.

These tides happen because of the way the bay is shaped. The bay acts like a giant funnel. Because of this funnel shape, the tides experience something called tidal resonance. This makes the water move with incredible power. In just one half-day cycle, about 100 billion tonnes of water flow in and out. This amount of water is twice the combined flow of all the rivers in the world.

GMV 11June2008
GMV 11June2008

Many rivers that flow into the bay even have tidal bores, which are waves that travel up the river.

The history of this area goes back millions of years. About 220 million years ago, the land was part of a supercontinent called Pangaea. During this time, the area was near the equator and had a warm, tropical climate. As the continents moved and broke apart, they created the Fundy Basin. This process left behind many different types of rocks and fossils.

FortEdwardWindsorNovaScotiaCanada
FortEdwardWindsorNovaScotiaCanada

You can find very old fossils here, including the oldest dinosaur fossil found in Canada at Burntcoat Head.

Many different animals call the bay their home.

North Atlantic right whale
North Atlantic right whale

The North Atlantic right whale lives here, but it is critically endangered. This means there are very few left in the world. Other large animals like humpback whales and fin whales also swim in these waters. There are also large mudflats where many birds live. These mudflats are special habitats that change as the water moves in and out.

People have lived around the bay for a very long time. The Mi'kmaq and Passamaquoddy groups lived here for centuries. They had their own names for the bay, like Bakudabakek, which means "open way." Later, French settlers arrived and founded places like Port Royal in 1605. Today, Saint John is the only major city on the bay. It is a busy port where many ships and ferries move people and goods.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:North Atlantic right whale.jpg
North Atlantic right whale.jpg
File:FortEdwardWindsorNovaScotiaCanada.JPG
FortEdwardWindsorNovaScotiaCanada.JPG
File:Saint_John,_NB.jpg
Saint_John,_NB.jpg
File:GMV 11June2008.jpg
GMV 11June2008.jpg
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