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Neon lighting

technology Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Neon lighting creates bright, glowing colors using glass tubes.

NeTube
NeTube

These lights are a type of cold cathode gas-discharge light. This means they use electricity to make gas shine. A neon tube is a sealed glass tube. It has a metal electrode at each end. The tube is filled with a gas at low pressure. When several thousand volts hit the electrodes, it ionizes the gas. This process makes the gas emit light.

Tecnolux neon display (32681)
Tecnolux neon display (32681)

The color of the glow depends on which gas is inside. Neon is a noble gas that creates a popular orange light. Other gases make different colors. Hydrogen produces a purple-red light. Helium makes a yellow or pink light. Carbon dioxide makes a white light. Mercury can create a blue light.

Broadway and Times Square by night
Broadway and Times Square by night

Sometimes, people add chemicals called phosphors to get even more colors. These tubes can be bent into artistic shapes. This allows them to form letters or even pictures.

Scientists first discovered neon in 1898. British scientists William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers found it in the atmosphere. They used an electrical gas-discharge tube to study it. Later, a French engineer named Georges Claude showed modern neon lighting in 1910. He presented it at the Paris Motor Show. Claude was sometimes called "the Edison of France." His company, Air Liquide, began making large amounts of neon after 1902.

NeTube
NeTube

Neon signs became very famous in the United States. By 1940, almost every city downtown was bright with neon. Times Square in New York City became known for its huge neon displays.

Broadway and Times Square by night
Broadway and Times Square by night

In the 1920s, a car dealer in Los Angeles bought two signs that stopped traffic. There were 2,000 shops across the country making these signs. While use in the U.S. slowed after the Second World War, it continued in Japan and Iran.

Modern vegas vic souvenirs
Modern vegas vic souvenirs

You might see neon used in many different ways today. Large signs like Vegas Vic show how artistic they can be.

Modern vegas vic souvenirs
Modern vegas vic souvenirs

There are also tiny neon glow lamps. Daniel McFarlan Moore made these small lamps in 1917. They are much smaller than the big tubes. They were used as small indicator lights in electronics for a long time. Today, the technology from those small lamps helped create plasma televisions.

Artists and architects still use neon in their work today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:Neon lights art installation.jpg
Neon lights art installation.jpg
File:Piccadilly Circus in London 1962 Brighter.jpg
Piccadilly Circus in London 1962 Brighter.jpg
File:Broadway and Times Square by night.jpg
Broadway and Times Square by night.jpg
File:NeTube.jpg
NeTube.jpg
File:Modern vegas vic souvenirs.JPG
Modern vegas vic souvenirs.JPG
File:Tecnolux neon display (32681).jpg
Tecnolux neon display (32681).jpg
File:Payday loan shop window.jpg
Payday loan shop window.jpg
File:London England Victor Grigas 2011-37.jpg
London England Victor Grigas 2011-37.jpg
File:Nixie2.gif
Nixie2.gif
File:The Blessing Hand by Stepan Ryabchenko in Saatchi Gallery in London.jpg
The Blessing Hand by Stepan Ryabchenko in...
File:Hubert Czerepok, Przyszłość nie jest tym czym kiedyś była.jpg
Hubert Czerepok, Przyszłość nie jest tym...
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