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Music of Indonesia

arts Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Indonesia is a vast country with hundreds of different musical styles. Because the country has so many islands and ethnic groups, the music changes from one region to another.

Musician Borobudur
Musician Borobudur

Traditional music often goes hand in hand with special dances and theater performances. Many styles feature a strong beat and beautiful harmonies. These sounds are influenced by many cultures, including Indian, Arab, Chinese, and Malay traditions. Today, popular music in Indonesia is also well-loved in nearby places like Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei.

Many instruments in Indonesia are made from percussion materials like metal or bamboo.

One famous group is the gamelan orchestra from Java and Bali. It uses many gongs and other instruments to create complex sounds. Another unique instrument is the angklung, made of bamboo tubes from the Sundanese people.

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met angklungs TMnr 20018432
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met angklungs TMnr 20018432

You play the angklung by shaking it to make the tubes vibrate. The suling is another bamboo flute that can play many different melodies.

Suling bambu
Suling bambu

Some instruments have very special ways of being made and played. The sasando is a plucked string instrument from Rote island.

Alat Musik Sasando
Alat Musik Sasando

It uses a bamboo cylinder and a fan made of dried lontar leaves to help the sound ring out. In Lombok, musicians play the gendang beleq, which means "big drum."

Raiyani Muharramah Gendang beleq DSCF8502a
Raiyani Muharramah Gendang beleq DSCF8502a

These large drums have wood frames and goat skin heads. Drummers must be very strong to march and dance while playing these heavy instruments.

History shows how deep these musical roots go. The musical identity of Indonesia began as Bronze Age cultures moved to the islands around the 2nd or 3rd century BC.

Musician Borobudur
Musician Borobudur

The angklung is very old and existed even before the Hindu era. During the Sundanese kingdoms from the 12th to the 16th centuries, people used angklung to worship Dewi Sri, the Goddess of Rice.

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met angklungs TMnr 20018432
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met angklungs TMnr 20018432

They played it to ask for blessings for their plants and prosperity in life. Music was even used as a way to spark the spirit of war.

Music serves a very important role in bringing people together. For example, kulintang music is a type of percussion used by the Minahasa people.

National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka - Gambang
National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka - Gambang

This music is considered "public music" because everyone is allowed to join in. Audience members are often expected to participate rather than just listen. These performances help unify different communities that might not usually interact. Playing these instruments can also bring musicians respect and prestige within their society.

Uyau Moris
Uyau Moris
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🖼️ Images & Media (23)
File:Musician Borobudur.jpg
Musician Borobudur.jpg
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong hangend aan een standaard onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-26a.jpg
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong hangend aan...
File:Talempong - Sumatra Barat.jpg
Talempong - Sumatra Barat.jpg
File:National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka - Gambang.jpg
National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka - Gambang.jpg
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met angklungs TMnr 20018432.jpg
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Meisjes met...
File:Suling bambu.jpg
Suling bambu.jpg
File:Kacapi Suling.jpg
Kacapi Suling.jpg
File:Raiyani Muharramah Gendang beleq DSCF8502a.jpg
Raiyani Muharramah Gendang beleq DSCF8502a.jpg
File:Alat Musik Sasando.jpg
Alat Musik Sasando.jpg
File:Uyau Moris.JPG
Uyau Moris.JPG
File:Ohlala sinden.jpg
Ohlala sinden.jpg
File:SambaSunda Quintett in Cologne (0244).jpg
SambaSunda Quintett in Cologne (0244).jpg

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