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Muntjac

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Muntjacs are small deer found in South and Southeast Asia.

Muntiacus muntjak 50960281, crop
Muntiacus muntjak 50960281, crop

People often call them barking deer or rib-faced deer. They love living in thick plants and rainforests. Most of these deer stay near a water source. They can be found in places like Thailand and India. Some also live in the lower Himalayas of Nepal and Bhutan.

BarkingDeer
BarkingDeer

Some types are doing well in the wild. However, others like the giant muntjac are in big trouble. This species is now critically endangered.

These deer have very special ways of interacting.

Barking Deer - Kolkata 2011-05-03 2409
Barking Deer - Kolkata 2011-05-03 2409

Males have short antlers that can regrow each year. They also have long canine teeth that point down. These teeth look like tusks. Males use these tusks to fight for their territory. Muntjacs also use scent glands to communicate with each other. They have facial glands to mark the ground. They even have glands near their eyes. They can push these eye glands out to show them.

Scientists have studied these deer for a long time.

Barking deer skeleton
Barking deer skeleton

The name comes from a Dutch word. This word was taken from a language called Sundanese. The first Latin name appeared in 1780. It was named by a person named Zimmerman. We know these deer are very old. Fossils show they appeared 15 to 35 million years ago. Scientists found these old remains in France, Germany, and Poland.

There are 14 different species of muntjac.

Muntiacus reevesi 2024-05-24 JM 5D412904 2
Muntiacus reevesi 2024-05-24 JM 5D412904 2

Some names include the Bornean yellow muntjac and the leaf muntjac. They are also very interesting for science. Scientists look at their chromosomes to learn about evolution. Chromosomes are tiny structures inside cells. The Southern red muntjac has very few chromosomes. A male has only 7 chromosomes. A female has only 6. The Reeves's muntjac has 46 chromosomes.

Some muntjacs live far from their original homes.

Metaphase spread of the Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis)
Metaphase spread of the Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis)

Reeves's muntjac lives in the United Kingdom and Japan. In the UK, they came from animals that escaped an estate. This happened around 1925 at Woburn Abbey. They have spread quickly through most English counties. They are also found in Wales. They appeared in Northern Ireland in 2009. They reached the Republic of Ireland in 2010. This shows how quickly animals can move to new places.

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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:Muntiacus muntjak 50960281, crop.jpg
Muntiacus muntjak 50960281, crop.jpg
File:Muntiacus reevesi 2024-05-24 JM 5D412904 2.jpg
Muntiacus reevesi 2024-05-24 JM 5D412904 2.jpg
File:Barking deer skeleton.jpg
Barking deer skeleton.jpg
File:BarkingDeer.jpg
BarkingDeer.jpg
File:Barking Deer - Kolkata 2011-05-03 2409.JPG
Barking Deer - Kolkata 2011-05-03 2409.JPG
File:Metaphase spread of the Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis).jpg
Metaphase spread of the Indian muntjac...
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