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Megalith

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A megalith is a very large stone used for building.

Megalithic grave Harhoog in Keitum, Sylt, Germany
Megalithic grave Harhoog in Keitum, Sylt, Germany

The name comes from two Ancient Greek words. One word means "great" and the other means "stone."

Megaliths in Baalbek quarry 10216
Megaliths in Baalbek quarry 10216

People from many different parts of the world used them. They built many kinds of structures for special purposes. Some stones were used alone to stand upright. Other stones were placed together to make huge shapes. These structures help us learn about people from the past.

There are many ways to build with these stones.

Construcción megalito
Construcción megalito

A single upright stone is called a menhir.

Triangle megalith, Fondachelli Fantina Sicily,
Triangle megalith, Fondachelli Fantina Sicily,

You might also see a monolith, which is one standing stone. Some people built alignments, which are rows of stones.

The Carnac Stones in France are a huge example.

paulnabrone
paulnabrone

A dolmen looks like a stone table. It has a wide stone resting on smaller ones. A passage grave has a long path leading to a room. Many of these were once covered by mounds of earth.

People have been building with megaliths for a very long time.

Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe

One of the oldest sites is Göbekli Tepe in Turkey. It was built around 9000 BC.

Atlit-Yam, Ritual structure made of stones, restoration
Atlit-Yam, Ritual structure made of stones, restoration

Another very old site is Atlit Yam in Israel from 7000 BC.

Megalithic Culture
Megalithic Culture

In the Strait of Sicily, a large stone was found underwater. It is from 7400 BC and weighs about 15,000 kg.

hunebed-d27
hunebed-d27

Most megaliths were made during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. These were times when people lived in many different ways.

Many famous megaliths are found in Europe.

Map Megaliths Müller et al. 2023
Map Megaliths Müller et al. 2023

There are more than 35,000 of these structures in Europe alone. They stretch from Sweden down to the Mediterranean Sea.

Stonehenge is a very famous stone circle in England.

Zorats Karer aerial view
Zorats Karer aerial view

In France, the Carnac stones are a massive group of alignments.

Example of a northern-style dolmen at Ganghwa Island
Example of a northern-style dolmen at Ganghwa Island

You can also find dolmens in places like South Korea.

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Man poseert tussen megalieten bij Batoeberak TMnr 10025819
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Man poseert tussen megalieten bij Batoeberak TMnr 10025819

Even in Indonesia, there are megalithic sites from 2100 BC.

These stones connect us to the history of our world.

Many stone circles might have been used to watch the sky.

Daorson, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Daorson, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Some circles helped people track the sun or the moon.

Klekkende Høj barrow
Klekkende Høj barrow

Other structures were built as tombs for the dead.

Example of a southern-style dolmen at Ganghwa Island
Example of a southern-style dolmen at Ganghwa Island

These tombs were often very important to the community. By looking at these stones, we see how ancient people worked together. They used the earth and stone to leave a mark behind.

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🖼️ Images & Media (29)
File:강화지석묘의 위용.jpg
강화지석묘의 위용.jpg
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Man poseert tussen megalieten bij Batoeberak TMnr 10025819.jpg
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Man poseert tussen...
File:Megalithic grave Harhoog in Keitum, Sylt, Germany.jpg
Megalithic grave Harhoog in Keitum, Sylt,...
File:Map Megaliths Müller et al. 2023.png
Map Megaliths Müller et al. 2023.png
File:Megaliths in Baalbek quarry 10216.jpg
Megaliths in Baalbek quarry 10216.jpg
File:Göbekli_Tepe,_Urfa.jpg
Göbekli_Tepe,_Urfa.jpg
File:Megalithic Culture.PNG
Megalithic Culture.PNG
File:Klekkende Høj barrow.jpg
Klekkende Høj barrow.jpg
File:Zorats Karer aerial view.jpg
Zorats Karer aerial view.jpg
File:Daorson, Bosnia and Herzegovina.jpg
Daorson, Bosnia and Herzegovina.jpg
File:Triangle megalith, Fondachelli Fantina Sicily,.JPG
Triangle megalith, Fondachelli Fantina Sicily,.JPG
File:paulnabrone.jpg
paulnabrone.jpg

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