Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Lu Zhishen

arts Maturity 11-13 mythology Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: mythology. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Lu Zhishen is a central figure in the classical Chinese novel *Water Margin*. This book is recognized as one of the four great classical novels in Chinese literature.

Lu Zhishen Water Margin
Lu Zhishen Water Margin

Lu is a complex hero known for his immense physical strength and bold spirit. Within the novel's mythology, he is one of the 108 Stars of Destiny. Specifically, he holds the rank of 13th among the 36 Heavenly Spirits. He is often called the "Flowery Monk" due to the flower tattoos covering his body.

Lu's journey begins in Weizhou, where he serves as a garrison major. His life changes when he encounters a singer named Jin Cuilian and her elderly father. They are being exploited by a wealthy butcher named Zheng. Zheng used a fake debt to prevent the pair from leaving the area. Lu provides them with money to ensure their safety. However, a confrontation with Butcher Zheng turns violent. Lu accidentally kills the butcher with three powerful punches. This event forces him to flee Weizhou and change his life.

To hide his identity, Lu seeks refuge at the Manjusri Monastery on Mount Wutai. The monastery's abbot accepts him and gives him the name Zhishen. In this context, Zhishen means "sagacious," or wise.

Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen
Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen

Despite his new role, Lu struggles with the quiet life of a monk. He often disregards Buddhist prohibitions by drinking wine and eating without restraint. In one instance, he breaks into the monastery by smashing two large jingang statues. These statues flank the monastery gate. The abbot eventually sends him to the imperial capital, Dongjing, to serve at the Great Minister's Temple.

At the temple, Lu's martial skills and brute strength become legendary. He is known to pull up a deep-rooted willow tree using only his strength.

Along the River During the Qingming Festival (2112863526)
Along the River During the Qingming Festival (2112863526)

It is here that he meets Lin Chong, an instructor of the imperial guard. The two men become sworn brothers after Lu rescues Lin from an assassination attempt in the Wild Boar Forest. This bond is a significant part of Lu's story. Lu also carries a massive monk's staff. This weapon weighs 62 jin, which is a traditional Chinese unit of weight.

Lu's path eventually leads him to become an outlaw. After fleeing Dongjing, he joins forces with others to take control of Mount Twin Dragons in Qingzhou.

Along the River During the Qingming Festival (2112863526)
Along the River During the Qingming Festival (2112863526)

He defeats the previous leader, Deng Long, and is elected chief of the stronghold. Later, the forces from Liangshan Marsh arrive in Qingzhou. Under the leadership of Song Jiang, the bandits of Mount Twin Dragons are absorbed into the larger Liangshan group. Lu Zhishen is then appointed as one of the infantry leaders for Liangshan.

Even after the group receives amnesty from Emperor Huizong, Lu remains a powerful figure. He participates in military campaigns against the Liao invaders and various rebel forces. He achieves great merit by capturing the rebel leader Fang La.

Lu Zhishen Water Margin
Lu Zhishen Water Margin

Following these wars, Lu chooses to stay at the Liuhe Pagoda in Hangzhou. He does not return to the capital with the other heroes. He spends his final days there, reflecting on his life and his path.

Lu's death is tied to a prophetic verse and a natural phenomenon. One night, he hears the thunderous sound of a tidal bore in the Qiantang River. This tidal bore is a large wave that arrives predictably every year.

Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen
Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen

The sound helps him understand the meaning of the verse given to him by the abbot of Mount Wutai. He realizes that his time has come. He dies while sitting cross-legged on a zafu, a meditation cushion. Before he passes, he writes an ode. In this poem, he confesses that he lived a life of killing rather than studying scriptures. Yet, he shows he has reached Buddhist enlightenment by understanding the concept of karma. His death is treated with the respect of a high priest's funeral.

644 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Lu Zhishen Water Margin.jpg
Lu Zhishen Water Margin.jpg
File:Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen.jpg
Yoshitoshi-Lu Zhishen.jpg
File:Along the River During the Qingming Festival (2112863526).jpg
Along the River During the Qingming...
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.