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Yue Fei

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Yue Fei was a prominent military general during the Song dynasty in 12th-century China.

岳飛
岳飛

He is widely recognized as a patriotic national hero and a paragon of loyalty. His life was defined by the intense conflicts between the Southern Song and the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty. These wars took place in northern China and shaped the political landscape of the era. Today, Yue Fei remains a significant cultural figure in China. He represents the highest ideals of faithfulness to one's country and duty.

Yue Fei's early life was marked by significant hardship and survival. He was born in Tangyin County, located in the Henan province. His family were poor tenant farmers who struggled to make a living. According to the *Biography of Yue Fei*, a massive flood occurred shortly after his birth. Legend says his mother protected him by placing him inside a clay jar during the flood.

Yuefeitattoo
Yuefeitattoo

This event forced his family to work hard in the fields to survive. He received much of his early education from his father, focusing on important classical texts.

To prepare for leadership, Yue Fei underwent rigorous martial training. He became the student of a famous master named Zhou Tong.

Jowtongbook
Jowtongbook

Under Zhou's guidance, Yue Fei learned archery and the eighteen weapons of war. He also studied military tactics and literary lessons. His skills were truly extraordinary for his age. He could reportedly draw a bow of 300 catties and a heavy crossbow.

Four Generals of Song
Four Generals of Song

He even mastered the ability to shoot accurately with both his left and right hands.

Yue Fei's military career began in earnest after he passed imperial examinations. He demonstrated his prowess by winning first place in a local military test. During this test, he shot nine consecutive arrows through a bullseye from 240 paces away. He later joined the Song army to fight the invading Jin dynasty forces.

Song Jin Wars
Song Jin Wars

As a general, he led northern expeditions to defend Southern Song territory. His military leadership was a central part of the resistance against the Jurchen invaders.

A famous aspect of Yue Fei's identity is the legend of his tattoo. It is said he had four Chinese characters tattooed on his back. These characters, *jin zhong bao guo*, mean "serve the country with the utmost loyalty."

Yue Fei tatoo on Jewish stele (highlighted)
Yue Fei tatoo on Jewish stele (highlighted)

Some accounts suggest his mother instructed him to get this tattoo. This symbol served as a permanent physical reminder of his commitment to his nation. During his trial for treason, he reportedly showed this tattoo to prove his innocence.

Despite his service, Yue Fei's life ended in a tragic manner. In 1142, the Southern Song government put him to death. This occurred under a frameup after a peace treaty was negotiated with the Jin dynasty. His death was caused by his warlike stance, which conflicted with the new peace. However, he was eventually granted a posthumous pardon. He was later given the noble title of King of E by Emperor Ningzong in 1211.

The historical record of Yue Fei has been preserved through several important works. His grandson, the poet Yue Ke, wrote a biography sixty years after his death.

Yuefei calligraphy 岳飛信札
Yuefei calligraphy 岳飛信札

Later, his life was included in the *History of Song*, a massive 496-chapter record. This official history was compiled by the Yuan dynasty prime minister Toqto'a and others. While some modern historians doubt certain claims made by Yue Ke, his legacy remains strong. His life connects military history, classical education, and the enduring Chinese concept of loyalty.

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🖼️ Images & Media (16)
File:岳飛.jpg
岳飛.jpg
File:Jowtongbook.jpg
Jowtongbook.jpg
File:Yuefeitattoo.jpg
Yuefeitattoo.jpg
File:Yue Fei tatoo on Jewish stele (highlighted).jpg
Yue Fei tatoo on Jewish stele (highlighted).jpg
File:Four Generals of Song.jpg
Four Generals of Song.jpg
File:Yuefei calligraphy 岳飛信札.jpg
Yuefei calligraphy 岳飛信札.jpg
File:Yue Yun 岳雲.jpg
Yue Yun 岳雲.jpg
File:Song Jin Wars.jpg
Song Jin Wars.jpg
File:Battle_of_Yingchang.png
Battle_of_Yingchang.png
File:Battleofzhuxiancounty.jpg
Battleofzhuxiancounty.jpg
File:YF statue.jpg
YF statue.jpg
File:Yuefei entry.JPG
Yuefei entry.JPG

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