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Kantō Plain

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The Kantō Plain is the largest plain in Japan.

Kanto plain
Kanto plain

It covers 17,000 square kilometers of land. This vast area sits in the Kantō region on the island of Honshu. The plain includes many different prefectures. These are Tokyo, Saitama, Kanagawa, Chiba, Gunma, Tochigi, and Ibaraki. It is a massive, important part of the country.

Geofeatures map of Kanto Japan ja
Geofeatures map of Kanto Japan ja

Geography defines the borders of this massive plain. To the north, it meets the Abukuma Highlands and the Yamizo Mountain Range. The Ashio Mountain Range and a volcanic field also mark the northern limit. To the west, the Kantō Mountain Range forms a boundary. The southern edge is shaped by the Bōsō Peninsula and the Miura Hills. Water also defines the edges, such as Tokyo Bay and Sagami Bay. The eastern end is marked by the Kashima Sea and Kujūkuri Beach.

KantoHeiya
KantoHeiya

Rivers play a vital role in the structure of the plain. Most rivers begin in the northern or western mountains. They flow east or southeast toward the Pacific Ocean or local bays. The Tone River is the most significant river in the central part. It has the largest drainage area in all of Japan. This river creates a massive floodplain. Other rivers include the Watarase, Kinu, and Naka in the north. In the south, the Arakawa, Tama, and Sagami rivers flow through the land. These rivers carry sediment that creates the alluvial lowland.

Much of the plain consists of large, elevated plateaus. These include the Ōmiya, Musashino, Sagamino, Jōsō, and Shimōsa Plateaus. The Musashino Plateau is the largest of these landforms. It stretches from the western edge of Ōme to the eastern edge of Yamanote. The elevation of the Musashino Plateau drops from 190 meters to 20 meters. The surfaces of these plateaus are covered in a thick layer of loam. This loam is of volcanic origin. Ash from Mount Fuji and Mount Hakone traveled from the southwest. Ash from Mount Asama, Haruna, and Akagi traveled from the north.

The plain was shaped by complex geological movements. This began during the Neogene period. A process called the Kantō basin-forming movement occurred. This movement caused surrounding mountains to rise upward. At the same time, it caused sediment to settle in the center. This created a basin shape. The Tertiary layer of sediment can reach 3,000 meters in thickness. Today, the central region is gradually sinking. This is caused by ongoing tectonic extension. Large tectonic lines like the Fossa Magna may exist in the central part. However, the thick sedimentary layers make it hard to find active faults.

The climate of the Kantō Plain is temperate. It follows a Pacific Ocean side climate. Summers are hot and often involve heavy rainfall. This rain comes from the monsoon and the rainy season front. Typhoons also frequently visit during the summer. Winters are cold and can be very dry. In the south, the Black Current keeps the climate mild. In the north, the area receives many hours of sunshine. In winter, the Mikuni Mountains block moisture from the Sea of Japan. This leaves the plain with strong, dry winds called gales. Examples include the Akagi Orosi and the Tsukuba Orosi.

KantoHeiya
KantoHeiya

Local weather patterns create unique temperature changes. In the north and west, mountains cause thunderstorms in the afternoons. In winter, clear skies can lead to radiative cooling. This can drop temperatures to 5 degrees below zero before sunrise. The Foehn phenomenon can also make places like Kumagaya very hot. This happens when wind blows down from the mountains. In central Tokyo, the heat island effect keeps temperatures higher than nearby areas. These various factors make the Kantō Plain a complex and diverse environment.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Geofeatures_map_of_Kanto_Japan_ja.svg
Geofeatures_map_of_Kanto_Japan_ja.svg
File:KantoHeiya.jpg
KantoHeiya.jpg
File:Kanto plain.png
Kanto plain.png
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