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Irrawaddy River

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

The Irrawaddy River is the most important river in Myanmar.

Irrawaddyrivermap
Irrawaddyrivermap

It flows right through the center of the country. The river is about 1,350 miles long. It moves from the north down to the south. Eventually, the water flows into the Andaman Sea through a large area called a delta.

Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005
Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005

This river is a major way for people to move goods. It is the biggest waterway for trade in the whole country. The river basin covers 61% of the land in Myanmar.

Irrawaddy67
Irrawaddy67

The river starts where two other rivers meet. These are the N'mai and Mali rivers. They begin in high mountains near Himalayan glaciers.

Irrawaddy river near bu paya
Irrawaddy river near bu paya

The N'mai River is the larger eastern branch. It has a very strong current that makes it hard for boats to travel. The Mali River is the smaller western branch. It is easier to travel on, even with a few rapids.

Rivercraft Irrawaddy
Rivercraft Irrawaddy

The river travels through different types of land. It flows through deep gaps in rocks called defiles. One gap near Bhamo has tall cliffs. These cliffs are about 60 to 90 meters high.

Irrawaddy@Mingun
Irrawaddy@Mingun

People have used this river for a very long time. As early as the sixth century, people used it for trade. They also built canals to move water to farms.

Nyaung-U, Bagan, Myanmar, The shores of Irrawaddy River
Nyaung-U, Bagan, Myanmar, The shores of Irrawaddy River

This helps farmers grow food for everyone. The river is also a place for fishing and tourism. In the past, European explorers called it the Pegu River. This was because of the Hanthawaddy kingdom.

Irrawaddy west-bank
Irrawaddy west-bank

The name Irrawaddy might come from a word for an elephant. In some stories, elephants are symbols for water.

Irrawaddy log-buffalo
Irrawaddy log-buffalo

Many different living things call the river home. There are about 200 species of fish in the river basin.

Pelecanus philippensis (Spot-billed Pelican)
Pelecanus philippensis (Spot-billed Pelican)

One of the most famous animals is the Irrawaddy dolphin. These dolphins live in the lower parts of the river. They have a rounded forehead and no long beak.

Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005
Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005

They are known to help fishers catch fish. Other animals like the Ganges shark also live nearby. However, some people worry about new dams being built. They fear these dams might hurt the homes of these animals.

SaltwaterCrocodile('Maximo')
SaltwaterCrocodile('Maximo')

The river changes a lot during the year. This happens because of the monsoon rains. These rains fall between mid-May and mid-October.

The Ayeyarwady (Irrawady) river and Sagaing Township from the Yadanabon Bridge
The Ayeyarwady (Irrawady) river and Sagaing Township from the Yadanabon Bridge

During the rainy season, the water level gets very high. In the dry season, the water level goes down. The lowest water level is usually in February.

Ava Bridge Over Ayeyarwady Sagaing Myanmar
Ava Bridge Over Ayeyarwady Sagaing Myanmar

At some places, the water can get as shallow as 60 centimeters. Because of this, ports must have different places to land boats. This depends on whether the water is high or low.

Irrawaddy boat
Irrawaddy boat
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🖼️ Images & Media (25)
File:Flag of Myanmar.svg
Flag of Myanmar.svg
File:Burmese character k.svg
Burmese character k.svg
File:IRRAWADDY RIVER APPROACHING MANDALAY MYANMA FEB2013.jpg
IRRAWADDY RIVER APPROACHING MANDALAY...
File:The Ayeyarwady (Irrawady) river and Sagaing Township from the Yadanabon Bridge.jpg
The Ayeyarwady (Irrawady) river and...
File:Nyaung-U, Bagan, Myanmar, The shores of Irrawaddy River.jpg
Nyaung-U, Bagan, Myanmar, The shores of...
File:Sagaing, Myanmar.jpg
Sagaing, Myanmar.jpg
File:SaltwaterCrocodile('Maximo').jpg
SaltwaterCrocodile('Maximo').jpg
File:Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005.jpg
Irrawaddy-River-Myanmar-Burma-2005.jpg
File:Irrawaddy west-bank.JPG
Irrawaddy west-bank.JPG
File:Westbank Irrawaddy.JPG
Westbank Irrawaddy.JPG
File:Irrawaddy Mandalay-Hill.JPG
Irrawaddy Mandalay-Hill.JPG
File:Rivercraft Irrawaddy.JPG
Rivercraft Irrawaddy.JPG

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