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Hare

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Hares are swift mammals that belong to the genus Lepus.

Common and irish hare
Common and irish hare

They are herbivores, which means they eat only plants. Most hares live alone or in pairs rather than in large groups. They make nests in shallow holes in the ground called forms.

Albrecht Dürer - Hare, 1502 - Google Art Project
Albrecht Dürer - Hare, 1502 - Google Art Project

These animals are often much larger than rabbits. They also have longer ears and black markings on their fur. Hares have 48 chromosomes, while rabbits only have 44.

Hares have special ways to stay healthy and safe. They use their large ears to let out body heat.

Jack Rabbit Ears
Jack Rabbit Ears

To get energy from food, they use a process called cecotrophy. They eat special waste called cecotropes to get more nutrients. This happens in a part of the gut called the cecum.

Alaskan Hare Skeleton
Alaskan Hare Skeleton

Their babies are born precocial, meaning they are ready for the world. Unlike rabbits, baby hares are born with fur and open eyes. This helps them fend for themselves very soon after birth.

Scientists study many different types of hares across the world.

Lepus capensis arabicus-cropped
Lepus capensis arabicus-cropped

The genus Lepus includes many different subgenera. For example, the snowshoe hare is in the subgenus Poecilolagus. The Arctic hare belongs to the subgenus Lepus. Some animals called jackrabbits are actually classified as hares. The European hare is known as Lepus europaeus. These animals can live in many places like deserts or mountains.

Hares are famous for how fast they can move.

Brooklyn Museum - California Hare - John J. Audubon
Brooklyn Museum - California Hare - John J. Audubon

The European hare can run very fast over long distances. In North America, jackrabbits can run at high speeds. They can also leap up to 10 feet at a time. During the spring, the European brown hare becomes very active. Males, called bucks, may chase others to show dominance. Both males and females may engage in "boxing" with their paws.

You might recognize hares from stories or even the stars. The constellation Lepus is named after the hare.

Paderborn Dom asv2024-05 img05
Paderborn Dom asv2024-05 img05

In many old fables, hares are part of the lesson. Aesop wrote a famous story called The Tortoise and the Hare. In that tale, a hare loses a race because he is too confident. People also use the phrase "mad as a March hare." This comes from the busy behavior seen during the spring. Hares remind us how fast and lively nature can be.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Jack Rabbit Ears.jpg
Jack Rabbit Ears.jpg
File:Brooklyn Museum - California Hare - John J. Audubon.jpg
Brooklyn Museum - California Hare - John...
File:Lepus capensis arabicus-cropped.jpg
Lepus capensis arabicus-cropped.jpg
File:Common and irish hare.jpg
Common and irish hare.jpg
File:Alaskan Hare Skeleton.jpg
Alaskan Hare Skeleton.jpg
File:Albrecht Dürer - Hare, 1502 - Google Art Project.jpg
Albrecht Dürer - Hare, 1502 - Google Art...
File:Paderborn Dom asv2024-05 img05.jpg
Paderborn Dom asv2024-05 img05.jpg
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