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Galle

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Galle is a major city located on the southwestern tip of Sri Lanka. It sits south of the capital, Colombo, and serves as the provincial capital for the Southern Province. The city is the administrative center of the Galle District.

Pointe de Galle sud de Ceylan en 1754
Pointe de Galle sud de Ceylan en 1754

It is a place where history and nature meet. A natural harbour provides a safe area for ships. Nearby, a large mound-like hill called Rumassala acts as an eastern protective barrier for the harbour. This hill is even linked to the Ramayana, one of the great Hindu epics.

The city has a very long and complex history of trade. Long before Western rule, many different groups used the port. These included Persians, Arabs, Greeks, Romans, Malays, Indians, and Chinese. In 1411, a stone tablet known as the Galle Trilingual Inscription was erected. This monument used Chinese, Tamil, and Persian to celebrate the visit of the Chinese admiral Zheng He.

The name Galle itself has several interesting theories. Some believe it comes from the Sinhalese word for a place where cattle are herded. Others suggest it relates to the Latin word "gallus," which means rooster.

European powers changed the landscape of the city through colonization. In 1502, Portuguese ships arrived after a storm blew them off course. Later, the Dutch East India Company took control in 1640. The Dutch period saw the city reach its highest level of development during the 18th century. They extensively fortified the area starting in 1649. They built the Galle Fort using solid granite walls. This fort includes three bastions named "Sun," "Moon," and "Star."

The British took control in 1796 but kept the fort unchanged.

The Galle Fort is a very significant landmark today. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It stands as the largest remaining fortress in Asia built by European occupiers. The fort shows how Portuguese architectural styles mixed with native traditions. Today, the area contains many notable sites. These include the National Maritime Museum and St. Mary's Cathedral. There is also the historic Amangalla luxury hotel. The city's landscape is also shaped by the Gin Ganga river. This river passes through several villages before reaching the sea at Gintota.

In recent history, Galle has shown great strength after a disaster. On 26 December 2004, a massive tsunami hit the city. This was caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near Indonesia. The event was devastating and thousands of people were killed in the city.

Galle Expressway
Galle Expressway

One famous landmark, the Galle International Stadium, was severely damaged. However, the stadium was rebuilt. Test cricket matches resumed there on 18 December 2007. The ground is now considered one of the most picturesque cricket grounds in the world.

Modern Galle is a center for education and diverse populations. The city has a population of 101,749 people. Most residents are of Sinhalese ethnicity. There is also a large population of Sri Lankan Moors who descend from Arab merchants.

Engfac Galle1
Engfac Galle1

The city is home to many old and leading schools. These include Richmond College and Mahinda College. Higher education is also a major part of the city. The University of Ruhuna has three main faculties located here. These include the Faculty of Engineering, the Faculty of Medicine, and the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences.

Advanced Technological Institute - Labuduwa
Advanced Technological Institute - Labuduwa

Other institutes like the NIBM also provide important training.

Galle 1
Galle 1

Traveling to and from Galle is efficient due to modern infrastructure. The city is connected to Colombo and Matara by the Coastal Line railway. The Galle Railway Station is a major meeting point for different rail segments.

GALLE RAILWAY STATION SRI LANKA JAN 2013 (8553460957)
GALLE RAILWAY STATION SRI LANKA JAN 2013 (8553460957)

For road travel, the A2 highway connects the city to Colombo and Hambanthota. However, the Southern Expressway is much faster. This is Sri Lanka's first E Class highway. It reduces the travel time from Colombo to Galle from three hours down to just one hour.

Galle Expressway
Galle Expressway
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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, at Galle, Ceylon (104, September 1868, II (New Series)) - Copy.jpg
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, at Galle,...
File:Pointe de Galle sud de Ceylan en 1754.jpeg
Pointe de Galle sud de Ceylan en 1754.jpeg
File:Engfac Galle1.jpg
Engfac Galle1.jpg
File:Advanced Technological Institute - Labuduwa.jpeg
Advanced Technological Institute - Labuduwa.jpeg
File:Galle 1.jpg
Galle 1.jpg
File:Galle Expressway.JPG
Galle Expressway.JPG
File:GALLE RAILWAY STATION SRI LANKA JAN 2013 (8553460957).jpg
GALLE RAILWAY STATION SRI LANKA JAN 2013...
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