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Dongting Lake

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Dongting Lake is a huge, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan Province, China.

Dongtingriversmap
Dongtingriversmap

It sits near the Yangtze River and acts as a large flood basin for it. The lake is so important that nearby provinces are named for it. Hubei means "North of the Lake" and Hunan means "South of the Lake."

Txu-oclc-10552568-nh49-12
Txu-oclc-10552568-nh49-12

This lake is a vital part of the natural world in China. It is home to the critically endangered Yangtze finless porpoise. Many migratory birds also use this area as a place to rest in winter.

The lake works like a giant sponge for the surrounding land.

Dongting Plain
Dongting Plain

Five main rivers flow directly into the lake: the Xiang, Zi, Yuan, Lishui, and Miluo. The Yangtze River also sends water into the lake through special channels. During the rainy season from April to September, the lake grows much larger. Huge amounts of water and sediment flow in from the Yangtze. The water level can change by up to 10 meters throughout the year. This causes the surface area to change from thousands of square kilometers to only a few hundred.

People have lived near this water for a very long time. The Liyang plain, once on the western edge of the lake, held the earliest rice paddies ever discovered. In the past, Dongting Lake was the largest freshwater lake in all of China. It was even known by the name "Eight-hundred-li-Dongting." Over many centuries, humans changed the lake by building embankments along the Yangtze. These walls diverted floodwaters south into the lake. Today, it is the second-largest lake in China after Poyang Lake.

The lake is full of famous stories and beautiful art.

Wu Zhen, Hermit Fisherman on Lake Dongting
Wu Zhen, Hermit Fisherman on Lake Dongting

Its name means "Grotto Court," which refers to a mythical cavern beneath the water. Legends say the wives of the Sage-King Shun lived in these underground passages. Many famous Chinese poets have written about the scenery here. During the Song dynasty, artists even created a famous set of paintings called the "Eight Views of Xiaoxiang." Dragon boat racing is also a tradition that started on the eastern shores of the lake. People began these races to search for the body of the poet Qu Yuan.

Many things about the lake connect to the wider world. The way the water moves is tied to the seasonal monsoon winds. Even the way people live is linked to the lake's cycles. For example, the lake provides water for the many farms in the region. In the past, much of the shallow lake was turned into farmland for rice. This shows how closely the people and the water are joined. Even though much of the original wetland is gone, the lake remains a special place. It continues to be a major part of the landscape in China.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Dongtingriversmap.png
Dongtingriversmap.png
File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nh49-12.jpg
Txu-oclc-10552568-nh49-12.jpg
File:Dongting Plain.png
Dongting Plain.png
File:Wu Zhen, Hermit Fisherman on Lake Dongting.jpg
Wu Zhen, Hermit Fisherman on Lake Dongting.jpg
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