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Derry

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Derry is a major city located in Northern Ireland.

OpenStreetMap of DerryLondonderry UK Apr2012
OpenStreetMap of DerryLondonderry UK Apr2012

It is the second-largest city in the country. The city sits within County Londonderry. It stretches across both banks of the River Foyle. The west bank is known as Cityside. The east bank is known as Waterside.

Peace bridge Derry 2012
Peace bridge Derry 2012

Two road bridges and one footbridge connect these two sides. The city is located near the border of County Donegal. This area has shared close links for many centuries.

The city's name is a subject of much discussion. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish word Doire. This translates to "oak-grove" or "oak-wood."

Vandalised road-sign Londonderry P3010060
Vandalised road-sign Londonderry P3010060

The name changed to Londonderry in 1613. This happened during the Plantation of Ulster. London guilds established the city during this time. The official name is Londonderry according to a royal charter from 1662.

Derry Stranorlar N13 roadsign cropped
Derry Stranorlar N13 roadsign cropped

A High Court decision in 2007 confirmed this official status. However, the name Derry is used very commonly in everyday life.

Different communities often prefer different names. Nationalists and the Catholic community generally prefer the name Derry. This name is also used almost exclusively in the Republic of Ireland. Many Unionists prefer the name Londonderry. In Northern Ireland, official road signs often use Londonderry.

Graffiti in Derry in the 1920
Graffiti in Derry in the 1920

Some people call the city "Stroke City." This nickname refers to the use of both names. The city's local council has also seen name changes. In 1984, it became Derry City Council. In 2015, it merged to form the Derry City and Strabane district.

Derry is one of the oldest inhabited places in Ireland. The earliest historical records date back to the 6th century.

St Columb's Cathedral
St Columb's Cathedral

A holy man named Saint Columba founded a monastery there. The settlement was originally called Doire. It was located on the west bank of the Foyle. For much of history, it was a monastic settlement. The town became more important during the Tudor conquest. In 1608, the chieftain Sir Cahir O'Doherty attacked the town. He burnt much of it during O'Doherty's Rebellion.

The city is famous for its massive stone walls.

Cannon on Derry City Walls SMC 2007
Cannon on Derry City Walls SMC 2007

These walls were built between 1613 and 1619. The Honourable The Irish Society organized the construction. They built the walls to protect early settlers. These fortifications are the largest monument in state care in Northern Ireland. They are among the finest in Europe. The walls create a walkway around the inner city.

Bishops Street Gate Derry SMC 2007
Bishops Street Gate Derry SMC 2007

This allows visitors to see the original Renaissance-style street plan.

The walls feature several important gates. There are seven gates in total. The four original gates are Bishop's Gate, Ferryquay Gate, Butcher Gate, and Shipquay Gate. Later, builders added Magazine Gate, Castle Gate, and New Gate.

Bogside Derry SMC 2005
Bogside Derry SMC 2005

The walls were never breached during famous battles. This includes the Siege of Derry from 1688 to 1689. This siege lasted for 105 days. Because the walls held, the city earned the nickname "The Maiden City." The city was also the first planned city in Ireland. It used a grid pattern that was later copied in North America.

Today, the city is a vibrant center for culture and commerce.

Guildhall,Derry
Guildhall,Derry

In 2013, Derry served as the inaugural UK City of Culture. The population was 85,279 in the 2021 census. The wider Derry Urban Area had 105,066 people in 2011. The region includes the Londonderry Port and the City of Derry Airport. Many local businesses use neutral names to respect all residents. For example, they might use names like Foyle or Pennyburn. This helps to avoid choosing one name over the other. The city remains a vital part of the Irish landscape.

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🖼️ Images & Media (31)
File:Vandalised road-sign Londonderry P3010060.jpg
Vandalised road-sign Londonderry P3010060.jpg
File:Derry Stranorlar N13 roadsign cropped.JPG
Derry Stranorlar N13 roadsign cropped.JPG
File:Graffiti in Derry in the 1920.jpg
Graffiti in Derry in the 1920.jpg
File:Cannon on Derry City Walls SMC 2007.jpg
Cannon on Derry City Walls SMC 2007.jpg
File:Bishops Street Gate Derry SMC 2007.jpg
Bishops Street Gate Derry SMC 2007.jpg
File:St Columb's Cathedral.jpg
St Columb's Cathedral.jpg
File:1837Londonderry.jpg
1837Londonderry.jpg
File:War memorial Derry 2007 SMC.jpg
War memorial Derry 2007 SMC.jpg
File:Bogside Derry SMC 2005.jpg
Bogside Derry SMC 2005.jpg
File:Free Derry Corner in 1969.jpg
Free Derry Corner in 1969.jpg
File:City Hall Chamber for the city of Derry-Londonderry.jpg
City Hall Chamber for the city of...
File:Coat of Arms, Fire Brigade, Derry - Londonderry - geograph.org.uk - 1187461.jpg
Coat of Arms, Fire Brigade, Derry -...

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