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Cowboy hat

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The cowboy hat is a high-crowned, wide-brimmed hat. It is the defining piece of attire for the North American cowboy. Today, it is worn by many different people. Ranch workers in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, and Brazil wear them. Station workers in Australia and New Zealand also use them. Many performers in country, regional Mexican, and sertanejo music wear the style. It is also common among participants in the North American rodeo circuit.

Felthat
Felthat

This specific design responds to the demands of a physical environment. High crowns provide insulation for the head. Wide brims provide much-needed shade from the sun. These features have appeared in many cultures throughout history. For example, the Greek petasos from two millennia ago used similar shapes. Traditional conical hats in Asia also use these heat-mitigating features. Even Mongolian horsemen used headgear for riders as far back as the 13th century.

The modern American cowboy hat has several important antecedents. It was influenced by Mexican hats like the sombrero charro, torro hats, and sombreros calentanos.

Trajes mexicanos rancheros - Johan Moritz Rugendas (1830’s)
Trajes mexicanos rancheros - Johan Moritz Rugendas (1830’s)

It also drew from wide-brimmed hats worn by eastern United States farmers. Some historians believe the style was influenced by Civil War-era slouch hats. These were often worn by Confederate soldiers. J. B. Stetson is credited with originating the modern-day American version.

In 1865, Stetson manufactured the first western model. He called it the "Boss of the Plains." This original hat was flat-brimmed with a straight-sided crown. It had rounded corners and was lightweight and waterproof. The crown and brim were both four inches in size. These hats came in different qualities. One-grade material cost five dollars apiece. Pure beaver felt hats could cost thirty dollars each.

1800s Boss of the plains 5
1800s Boss of the plains 5

Modern cowboy hats are made of straw, leather, or fur-based felt. They feature a tall, rounded crown and a wide, flat brim. Inside, a simple sweatband stabilizes the fit on the head. On the outside, a decorative hat band is usually added.

Stetson cowboy hat 1920s renovated
Stetson cowboy hat 1920s renovated

Wearers often customize their hats by creasing the crown or rolling the brim. Common creases include the Cattleman crease, the Gus, and the Brick. Some people even attach "stampede strings" to keep the hat from blowing away.

There are many interesting names and traditions associated with these hats. Some people use the term "ten-gallon" hat. This term likely came around 1925. It may be a corruption of the Spanish phrase "tan galán," meaning "really handsome." Another theory suggests it comes from the Spanish word "galón," meaning a type of braided trim.

1800s Boss of the plains 5
1800s Boss of the plains 5

Despite the name, a Stetson hat only holds about 3/4 of a US gallon. In Calgary, Canada, the "White Hat" is a special symbol. Created by Morris Shumiatcher in 1946, it represents the Calgary Stampede. It is even part of the official flag of Calgary.

The cowboy hat connects many different cultures and regions. In Hawaii, workers called paniolo wear papale made from pandanus leaves. These are designed after the Mexican sombrero. In New Zealand, Māori tribes in the Gisborne District are called "Ngā Kaupoi." This name means "the cowboys" because of their use of horses.

Texascowboys (cropped)
Texascowboys (cropped)

The hat has become a major symbol of the American West. It was used by the Texas Rangers as part of their uniform. In 2015, the Texas Legislature named it the official "State Hat of Texas."

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🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Emojione 1F458.svg
Emojione 1F458.svg
File:Felthat.jpg
Felthat.jpg
File:Texascowboys (cropped).jpg
Texascowboys (cropped).jpg
File:Trajes mexicanos rancheros - Johan Moritz Rugendas (1830’s).jpg
Trajes mexicanos rancheros - Johan Moritz...
File:«El Hacendado» por Louis Falconnet (1865).jpg
«El Hacendado» por Louis Falconnet (1865).jpg
File:Stetson cowboy hat 1920s renovated.jpg
Stetson cowboy hat 1920s renovated.jpg
File:1800s Boss of the plains 5.jpg
1800s Boss of the plains 5.jpg
File:William Tate Weaver (1866-1953) - Son of Confederate deserter, Abraham Weaver (1832-1913), Arkansas and Oklahoma farmer.jpg
William Tate Weaver (1866-1953) - Son of...
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