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William Fargo

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William George Fargo was a major American businessman and politician. He played a vital role in organizing how goods and money moved across the United States. Fargo is most famous for co-founding two massive companies: American Express and Wells Fargo & Company.

These businesses helped connect distant parts of the country during a time of rapid growth. His work in shipping, mail delivery, and banking helped create the systems we use for commerce today.

Fargo's career began with very practical, hands-on experience. Born on May 20, 1818, in Pompey, New York, he was the eldest of twelve children. Because his family needed support, he left school at age 13. He began his working life by carrying mail for his village.

American Express Company 1865
American Express Company 1865

Over the next several years, he moved through various roles. He worked as a clerk for a forwarding house and later as a freight agent. By 1843, he was serving as a Resident Agent in Buffalo, New York.

Fargo's path to leadership involved building and merging transport companies. In 1845, he partnered with Henry Wells and Daniel Dunning to organize the Western Express. This company operated from Buffalo to cities like Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Chicago. Because there were no railroads west of Buffalo at that time, the company relied on steamboats and wagons to move goods.

American Express Company 1865
American Express Company 1865

In 1850, three different express companies consolidated to form the American Express Company. Fargo served as the company's Secretary, and Henry Wells served as President.

In 1852, Fargo and Henry Wells expanded their reach by creating Wells Fargo & Co. This new company was formed after other directors of American Express objected to moving operations into California. Wells Fargo was designed to facilitate business between New York and San Francisco. It used the Isthmus of Panama and the Pacific coast as routes.

American Express Company 1865
American Express Company 1865

The company provided two main services: express services for the rapid delivery of gold and valuables, and banking services. These banking services included buying gold and selling paper bank drafts.

As the company grew, it became a central part of the American West. Wells Fargo opened offices in San Francisco and moved into new mining camps and cities. In 1861, the company also bought and reorganized the Overland Mail Co. This company had been formed in 1857 to carry United States mail. Fargo had been one of the original promoters of the mail service before it was reorganized.

Beyond his business success, Fargo was a significant political figure. In 1861, he was elected as the mayor of Buffalo, New York. He served two terms, from 1862 to 1866. During his time as mayor, he navigated the city through the Buffalo riot of 1862. Fargo was also a supporter of the Union during the Civil War. He showed his support by paying part of the salaries for his employees who were drafted into service.

Fargo's personal life was marked by both great wealth and significant loss. He married Anna H. Williams in 1840, and they had eight children. However, many of their children died young, leaving only two survivors, Georgia and Helen, by the time of his death.

Wiliam G. Fargo Mansion
Wiliam G. Fargo Mansion

In Buffalo, he built the Fargo Mansion between 1868 and 1872. It was the largest mansion in the city and cost $600,000 to build. An additional $100,000 was spent on its decoration and furnishings.

William G. Fargo Mansion (1900)
William G. Fargo Mansion (1900)

William Fargo died on August 3, 1881, after being ill for several months. Following his death, his brother, J. C. Fargo, took over as President of American Express. Fargo's legacy lives on through the names of places and institutions. The city of Fargo, North Dakota, is named in his honor. There is also a Fargo Avenue in Buffalo and a Fargo Quadrangle at the University at Buffalo. His former estate is now recognized as the Fargo Estate Historic District.

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File:Wiliam G. Fargo Mansion.jpg
Wiliam G. Fargo Mansion.jpg
File:William G. Fargo Mansion (1900).jpg
William G. Fargo Mansion (1900).jpg
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