Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
📖

Vulgate

philosophy religion Maturity 11-13 religion Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: religion. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

The Vulgate is a famous Latin translation of the Bible.

Hieronymus presents Vulgata
Hieronymus presents Vulgata

It became the most important text for the Western Church for many centuries. This version is special because it is a mix of different works. While much of it was done by one man, it is a collection of many different pieces. Some parts were translated by others, and some were already in Latin. It eventually became so common that people used the name "Vulgate" to mean the version used by everyone.

Codex Amiatinus - Gospel of Mark, chapter 1
Codex Amiatinus - Gospel of Mark, chapter 1

The work mostly happened during the late 4th century. In the year 382, Pope Damasus I gave a big job to a scholar named Saint Jerome. The Pope asked Jerome to revise the four Gospels used by the Roman Church. Jerome used Greek texts to help him fix these Latin versions. Later, Jerome decided to do even more work on his own. He wanted to translate most of the other books in the Bible too. This was a huge task that changed how people read the Bible.

Jerome used many different languages to complete this massive project. He is famous for being the first to translate the Old Testament directly from Hebrew into Latin. Before this, most Latin Bibles were based on a Greek version called the Septuagint. Jerome also translated books like Tobit and Judith from Aramaic. For some parts of the Bible, he used Greek to help his translation. He even translated the Psalms in a few different ways. This careful work helped create a very complete collection of books.

Because the Vulgate is a mix, not every word came from Jerome. The New Testament contains parts that other scholars likely worked on. Some people believe groups called Pelagians or a man named Rufinus helped with certain letters. The Vulgate also includes some older Latin texts that Jerome did not change. These are called Vetus Latina texts. Some books, like 1 and 2 Maccabees, were part of these older collections. This makes the Vulgate a very complex and interesting book to study.

Over time, the Catholic Church made the Vulgate its official Latin Bible. This was confirmed at the Council of Trent between 1545 and 1563. There were different official editions made later to make the text very clear. One was the Sixtine Vulgate from 1590, and another was the Clementine Vulgate from 1592.

Frontispiece of the Sixto-Clementine Vulgate (1592)
Frontispiece of the Sixto-Clementine Vulgate (1592)

A newer version called the Nova Vulgata was released in 1979. Even today, the Latin Church still uses the Vulgate in its traditions.

Frontispiece of the Sixtine Vulgate 3
Frontispiece of the Sixtine Vulgate 3
411 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Texts of the OT.svg
Texts of the OT.svg
File:Hieronymus presents Vulgata.jpg
Hieronymus presents Vulgata.jpg
File:Gutenberg_bible_Old_Testament_Epistle_of_St_Jerome.jpg
Gutenberg_bible_Old_Testament_Epistle_of_S...
File:Codex Amiatinus - Gospel of Mark, chapter 1.jpg
Codex Amiatinus - Gospel of Mark, chapter 1.jpg
File:Frontispiece of the Sixtine Vulgate 3.png
Frontispiece of the Sixtine Vulgate 3.png
File:Frontispiece of the Sixto-Clementine Vulgate (1592).jpg
Frontispiece of the Sixto-Clementine...
File:Concordance of Stuttgart Latin Vulgate Bible.jpg
Concordance of Stuttgart Latin Vulgate Bible.jpg
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.