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Urban area

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

An urban area is a place where many people live close together. These areas have a lot of buildings and roads. This is called a built environment.

Northeast megalopolis at night
Northeast megalopolis at night

People use different names for these places. They might call them cities, towns, or suburbs.

Some researchers even call them conurbations. Urban areas are the opposite of rural areas. Rural areas include small villages or hamlets.

Aglomeracja warszawska wg Swianiewicza
Aglomeracja warszawska wg Swianiewicza

Urban areas grow through a process called urbanization. This happens when more people move to these settlements.

Sometimes an urban area is the core of a larger metropolitan area. A metropolitan area includes the main city and nearby towns.

Adelaide DougBarber
Adelaide DougBarber

These places are connected by jobs and travel. People often commute from the outskirts to the center. This helps the whole region work together.

ISS-67 City lights of São Paulo, Brazil
ISS-67 City lights of São Paulo, Brazil

Humans have been building these places for a very long time. The urban revolution began in the 4th millennium BCE.

Global land use for food production, OWID statistic
Global land use for food production, OWID statistic

This led to the start of human civilization. Modern urban planning is a result of this long history. As cities grew, people began to use more natural resources. This has changed how the environment looks and works.

Cities with 1M People in 2025
Cities with 1M People in 2025

In the past, most people lived in the countryside. In 1950, only 764 million people lived in urban areas. That was about 30 percent of the world's population.

Cities with 1M People in 2025
Cities with 1M People in 2025

By 2009, the number of city dwellers surpassed rural dwellers. In 2014, 3.9 billion people lived in urban areas. This was about 53 percent of all people on Earth.

Global land use for food production, OWID statistic
Global land use for food production, OWID statistic

Experts predict 68 percent of people will live in cities by 2050.

Many countries have very high urbanization rates today. Argentina and Japan both have rates over 90 percent.

Cities with 1M People in 2025
Cities with 1M People in 2025

In the United States, the state of New Jersey is 100 percent urban. China has more cities with one million people than any other nation.

Cities with 1M People in 2025
Cities with 1M People in 2025

Some of the largest urban areas include Guangzhou-Shenzhen and Shanghai. Tokyo-Yokohama is also one of the biggest in the world.

Cities with 1M People in 2025
Cities with 1M People in 2025

These huge places show how much our world is changing.

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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:Seoul (175734251) (cropped).jpg
Seoul (175734251) (cropped).jpg
File:Adelaide DougBarber.jpg
Adelaide DougBarber.jpg
File:Northeast megalopolis at night.jpg
Northeast megalopolis at night.jpg
File:ISS-67_City_lights_of_São_Paulo,_Brazil.jpg
ISS-67_City_lights_of_São_Paulo,_Brazil.jpg
File:Aglomeracja warszawska wg Swianiewicza.png
Aglomeracja warszawska wg Swianiewicza.png
File:Global land use for food production, OWID statistic.png
Global land use for food production, OWID...
File:Urban land area (km²), OWID.svg
Urban land area (km²), OWID.svg
File:Cities with 1M People in 2025.png
Cities with 1M People in 2025.png
File:Aerial View of Cape Town (iau2305a).jpg
Aerial View of Cape Town (iau2305a).jpg
File:Taajama kyltti Vimpelissä.jpg
Taajama kyltti Vimpelissä.jpg
File:Business Centre of Moscow 2.jpg
Business Centre of Moscow 2.jpg
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