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Tuamotus

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

The Tuamotu Archipelago is a huge chain of islands in the southern Pacific Ocean.

Archipel des Tuamotu
Archipel des Tuamotu

It is made of just under 80 islands and atolls. An atoll is a ring-shaped island made of coral.

Karta FP Tuamotus isl
Karta FP Tuamotus isl

This is the largest chain of atolls in the whole world. The islands spread out over an area about the size of Western Europe. Even though they cover a vast space, the total land area is only about 350 square kilometers. This group of islands is part of French Polynesia.

Rangiroa Church
Rangiroa Church

It is officially a French overseas collectivity.

Life on these islands depends on the sea and the sky. The islands are low sand bars built on coral reefs. Because they are so low, there are no lakes or rivers. People must collect rain to have fresh water to drink. The weather is warm and tropical all year long. The average temperature stays around 28 degrees Celsius. It does not have very different seasons. Most of the land is covered by sparse soil. This makes it hard for many types of plants to grow.

Tuamotu 9612a
Tuamotu 9612a

Coconut palms are very important here. People use them to make copra. They also grow yams, taro, and breadfruit for food.

People have lived in the Tuamotus for a very long time. Polynesians were the first to settle the islands. Scientists use DNA to show people arrived around 1110 CE. Some islands have flat platforms made of coral called marae. These were used for ceremonies long ago. In 1521, the Portuguese sailor Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to find them. Later, many other sailors from Europe visited the islands. In the 1800s, Christian missionaries arrived. By the late 1800s, traders began looking for pearls here. These pearls became very popular in Europe.

Today, about 16,000 people live in the archipelago. Many people live in the sixteen different communes. Some of the biggest islands are Rangiroa, Anaa, Fakarava, Hao, and Makemo. The people speak French and the Tuamotu language. Most people follow the Christian religion. The economy relies on farming and fishing.

TuamotuPearlFarm
TuamotuPearlFarm

Growing black pearls is a major way to make money. Fishing is also very important for the people. Some people visit the islands for scuba diving. They go to see the beautiful coral reefs.

The islands are also home to many amazing animals. There are 86 different species of birds living there. Ten of these birds are endemic, which means they are found nowhere else. These include the Tuamotu kingfisher and the Tuamotu sandpiper. The ocean reefs are also full of life. The islands have been part of many famous stories. The writer Jack London wrote a story about a ship in the islands. In 1947, Thor Heyerdahl sailed to Raroia on a raft called Kon-Tiki. These events show how special the Tuamotus are to the world.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Karta FP Tuamotus isl.PNG
Karta FP Tuamotus isl.PNG
File:TuamotuPearlFarm.jpg
TuamotuPearlFarm.jpg
File:Tuamotu 9612a.jpg
Tuamotu 9612a.jpg
File:Archipel des Tuamotu.jpg
Archipel des Tuamotu.jpg
File:Rangiroa Church.jpg
Rangiroa Church.jpg
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