Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
📖

Tonglen

philosophy religion Maturity 11-13 religion Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: religion. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Tonglen is a specific meditative practice found in Tibetan Buddhism. It is designed to help practitioners cultivate deep compassion for all living beings. The term itself is composed of two Tibetan words. "Tong" means giving or sending. "Len" means receiving or taking. Because of this dual meaning, the practice is often called "exchanging self with other."

This method serves as a training in altruism. Altruism is the practice of selfless concern for the well-being of others.

The mechanism of Tonglen relies on the rhythm of the breath. During the practice, a person breathes in the suffering of others. They then breathe out peace, healing, or joy. This process involves sending and taking in alternating cycles. These two actions should ride the natural breath. Some practitioners use a small pause after the in-breath. This pause allows them to convert the suffering into a positive antidote. The practitioner then breathes out this antidote to others.

There are several functions for this specific practice. It aims to reduce selfish attachment and increase a sense of renunciation. It is also used to purify karma by giving and helping. Furthermore, it helps develop and expand loving-kindness and bodhicitta. The practice involves all of the Six Perfections. These are the qualities of a Bodhisattva, or an enlightened being. The Six Perfections include giving, ethics, patience, joyous effort, concentration, and wisdom.

Different teachers provide specific instructions on how to begin the cycle. Patrul Rinpoche was a prominent teacher from the Nyingma school. He lived from 1808 to 1887. He suggested starting the practice by breathing out first. In this version, you imagine sending happiness and the best things to others. Then, you breathe in to take in the sufferings. Conversely, Pema Chödrön, an American nun, suggests starting on the inhale. She teaches that the intention is to work with habitual patterns of the mind.

For beginners, the task of taking on world suffering can seem very heavy. Because of this, it may be appropriate to start with smaller issues. A person might work on increasing their own well-being first. They could also focus on increasing harmony within their own family. Other starting points include communicating better with people or finding peace in daily chores. The goal is to experience success with these smaller tasks. This prepares the mind to eventually take on the unhappiness or conflicts of others.

Tonglen has a deep history within the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. It is a component of the contemplative practice known as Lojong. Lojong is a system of mind training. The practice is summarized in seven points. These points are attributed to the Indian Buddhist teacher Atisha Dipankara Shrijnana. He was born in 982 CE. The points were first written down by the Kadampa master Langri Tangpa. He lived from 1054 to 1123.

The practice became more widely known through the work of Geshe Chekawa Yeshe Dorje. He lived from 1101 to 1175. He summarized the points into his "Seven Points of Training the Mind." This list of aphorisms or slogans is often called the Atisha Slogans. It is important to note that taking on suffering is not a burden. It does not mean one must carry the misery of the entire world. Instead, it means acknowledging that suffering exists and accepting it. This acceptance can actually help increase a person's own peace of mind.

559 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

More to explore

✨ What else?

Related topics you might enjoy

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.