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Tamil language

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Tamil is a very special and ancient language from South Asia. It is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the entire world.

Mangulam inscription
Mangulam inscription

Many people today speak Tamil as their main way to communicate. It is an official language in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. It is also an official language in the countries of Sri Lanka and Singapore.

Keezhadi excavation
Keezhadi excavation

Because it has lasted so long, it carries a great deal of history and pride for the Tamil people.

Learning how the language works is quite interesting. It uses a style called agglutinative morphology. This means people can build very complex words by adding parts together.

History of Tamil script
History of Tamil script

The way people write has also changed over many centuries. Long ago, people used a script called Tamil Brahmi. Later, they used a different style called Vatteluttu. Eventually, the script was standardized into the version used today. This long history of writing helps us understand how the language grew.

History shows us that Tamil has been around for a very long time. Scholars say the language has three main periods: Old, Middle, and Modern Tamil.

Satavahana Bilingual Coin
Satavahana Bilingual Coin

The oldest known text is called Tholkappiyam, which dates back to around the 2nd century BCE. There is also a huge collection of over 2,000 ancient poems known as Sangam literature. These poems were written between the 1st century BCE and the 5th century CE. Some people even believe the language was created by the deity Lord Shiva in ancient legends.

There are many amazing facts about where Tamil has traveled. In the past, Tamil was a common language for maritime traders in South India.

Civiltà thamirabani, reperti da adhichanallur, 02
Civiltà thamirabani, reperti da adhichanallur, 02

Because of these traders, Tamil inscriptions have been found in places like Thailand and Egypt. In Egypt, researchers found pottery from the first century BCE with Tamil Brahmi writing on it. In India, excavations at places like Adichanallur and Keezhadi have found ancient artifacts. Some of these items, like earthenware urns, date back as far as 696 BCE.

Tamil is also closely related to other languages in its family. It belongs to the Dravidian language family, which includes about 26 different languages.

Tanjavur Tamil Inscription2
Tanjavur Tamil Inscription2

Its closest major relative is Malayalam, a language that began to separate from Tamil around the 9th century CE. Kannada is another language that is relatively close to Tamil. The name "Tamil" itself has many beautiful possible meanings. Some say it means "sweetness" or "sweet sound." Others suggest it might mean "our own speech."

410 words

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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:Civiltà_thamirabani,_reperti_da_adhichanallur,_02.jpg
Civiltà_thamirabani,_reperti_da_adhichanal...
File:Keezhadi excavation.jpg
Keezhadi excavation.jpg
File:Tamil Inscriptions.jpg
Tamil Inscriptions.jpg
File:Satavahana Bilingual Coin.jpg
Satavahana Bilingual Coin.jpg
File:Mangulam inscription.jpg
Mangulam inscription.jpg
File:Tanjavur Tamil Inscription2.jpg
Tanjavur Tamil Inscription2.jpg
File:Jambai Tamil Brahmi.jpg
Jambai Tamil Brahmi.jpg
File:History of Tamil script.jpg
History of Tamil script.jpg
File:Tirukkural manuscript.jpg
Tirukkural manuscript.jpg
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