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Shriners

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Shriners International is a large, global American Masonic society.

Shriners International emblem
Shriners International emblem

It functions as an appendant body within Freemasonry. This means it is a specific group that works alongside the broader Masonic tradition. Membership is open to men who have reached the degree of Master Mason in a Masonic rite. The organization describes itself as a fraternity focused on fellowship and fun. It also follows the Masonic principles of relief, truth, and brotherly love. Today, the group has nearly 1.7 million members. It maintains over 200 chapters across nine different countries.

The group is famous for its distinctive Middle Eastern theme.

2016July4-Parade-19
2016July4-Parade-19

Members often wear bright red fezzes as their official headgear. Their regalia and ceremonies use symbols like the Sphinx, pyramids, and camels. Many of their meeting locations are called Shrine Centers or Temples. These buildings often use the Moorish Revival architectural style. This style features designs inspired by the art and structures of North Africa and the Middle East. Many centers have names like Morocco, Sahara, or Oasis. The organization is governed by a board called the Imperial Divan. This board consists of 12 Imperial Officers who serve as directors.

The history of the Shriners began with an idea for fellowship. In 1870, several thousand Freemasons met at the Knickerbocker Cottage in Manhattan.

William J Conlin - Florence
William J Conlin - Florence

Two men, Walter M. Fleming and William J. Florence, wanted to create a group focused on fun. Florence was an actor who had traveled to Algiers and Cairo. He observed musical comedies with Middle Eastern themes during his travels. He brought notes and drawings of these ceremonies back to New York. Fleming used these ideas to create the group's official rituals and costumes.

Dr Walter Millard Fleming
Dr Walter Millard Fleming

They initiated their first eleven members in 1871. The first official Temple, Mecca Temple, was established in New York City in 1872.

Following its start, the organization grew at a very rapid pace. In 1875, the group had only 43 members. By 1878, membership reached 425 people across 13 temples. The group expanded significantly by 1888, reaching 7,210 members in 48 temples. By the year 1900, the membership had climbed to 55,000 people. By 1938, there were approximately 340,000 members in the United States alone. This growth allowed the Shriners to include many prominent citizens in their ranks. Famous members have included President Harry Truman and President Gerald Ford. Other notable members include General Douglas MacArthur and actor John Wayne.

History also includes the development of separate organizations. In 1893, John G. Jones and 13 other Prince Hall masons started a counterpart. This group was known as the Imperial Grand Council of Prince Hall Shriners. This movement provided an African American version of the Shriners. The two groups faced legal conflicts regarding traditions and regalia starting in 1919. A lawsuit from a White-only order in Texas was eventually overturned in 1929. This ruling protected the right of Prince Hall Shriners to use their own emblems and rituals. Today, the Worldwide Fraternal Shrine Family is based in Memphis, Tennessee. It includes 25,000 members across 270 shrines.

The Shriners are widely recognized for their massive philanthropic work.

News. Daughters of the Nile BAnQ P48S1P16779
News. Daughters of the Nile BAnQ P48S1P16779

Their primary charitable effort is the Shriners Hospitals for Children. In June 1920, the Imperial Council voted to create these hospitals. The network now includes 22 healthcare facilities. These hospitals are located in the United States, Mexico, and Canada. They treat children for many different conditions. These include orthopedic injuries, burns, spinal cord injuries, and birth defects like cleft lip. Women also support these causes through organizations like the Daughters of the Nile. This group was founded in 1913 and helps promote sociability and hospital support.

The organization has undergone changes to its identity over time. In 2002, following the September 11 attacks, the group faced some challenges. People sometimes mistook their Middle Eastern themes for a different religion. This led to instances of harassment and vandalism against members. In response, the group began rebranding to be more inclusive and clear. In 2010, they changed their name to Shriners International. They also removed some Middle Eastern terms from their official titles. These changes were intended to recognize their growing global membership. The group continues to focus on community service and leadership.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Shriners International emblem.svg
Shriners International emblem.svg
File:Dr Walter Millard Fleming.jpg
Dr Walter Millard Fleming.jpg
File:William J Conlin - Florence.jpg
William J Conlin - Florence.jpg
File:News. Daughters of the Nile BAnQ P48S1P16779.jpg
News. Daughters of the Nile BAnQ P48S1P16779.jpg
File:2016July4-Parade-19.jpg
2016July4-Parade-19.jpg
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