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Saarland

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Saarland is a state located in the southwest of Germany.

2018-06-28 Saarland karte (V1.11)
2018-06-28 Saarland karte (V1.11)

It is a small state in terms of both land and people. It is the smallest German state by area, if you do not count the three city-states. The state is about 2,570 square kilometers in size. This makes it nearly the same size as the neighboring country of Luxembourg. Most people live in cities near the French border. The capital city is Saarbrücken, which is also the largest city. Other important cities include Neunkirchen and Saarlouis.

S L
S L

The land in Saarland is mostly hilly and green. One third of the area is covered by forests. This is one of the highest percentages of forest in all of Germany. The river Saar gives the state its name. This river flows from the south toward the northwest. It is a part of the larger Moselle river system. The highest point in the state is a mountain called Dollberg.

Saarland, administrative divisions - de - colored
Saarland, administrative divisions - de - colored

Many people live in a group of cities near the border. This area is known as a city agglomeration.

Saarland has a very long and busy history. Long ago, Celtic tribes called the Treveri and Mediomatrici lived here. They left behind a large fortress at Otzenhausen. Later, the Roman Empire made the area part of its province. This brought wealth to the region through Roman villas and villages. After the Romans, the Franks took control of the land. For 1,300 years, the area was part of many different empires.

Historical map of the Saarland 1793
Historical map of the Saarland 1793

Local rulers like the counts of Nassau-Saarbrücken held power here.

In the 1800s, the region became important because of coal. The coal deposits helped the heavy industry grow very quickly. This made the area a prize for different nations. After World War I, the League of Nations gave the area to France to govern. In 1935, a vote was held to decide its future. Most people voted to rejoin Germany. After World War II, the land became the Saar Protectorate under French rule.

1953 SAAR ID issued under the French occupation of the territory
1953 SAAR ID issued under the French occupation of the territory

It even had its own money called the Saar franc until 1959.

Today, Saarland is a settled part of Germany. It joined the Federal Republic of Germany on January 1, 1957. This was a major change for the borders in Europe. The state is also part of a group called SaarLorLux. This group connects Saarland with parts of France, Luxembourg, and Belgium. It is a very religious state in Germany. More than half of the people belong to the Catholic Church. Many others belong to the Protestant Church.

Saarland, administrative divisions - de - colored
Saarland, administrative divisions - de - colored
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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Historical map of the Saarland 1793.gif
Historical map of the Saarland 1793.gif
File:1953 SAAR ID issued under the French occupation of the territory.jpg
1953 SAAR ID issued under the French...
File:2018-06-28 Saarland karte (V1.11).png
2018-06-28 Saarland karte (V1.11).png
File:S L.svg
S L.svg
File:Saarland, administrative divisions - de - colored.svg
Saarland, administrative divisions - de -...
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