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Rudolf Serkin

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Rudolf Serkin was a highly influential pianist during the 20th century. He was born on March 28, 1903, in Cheb, Bohemia. At that time, Bohemia was part of Austria-Hungary. Serkin was born into a Russian Jewish family. His father, Mordko Serkin, was a Russian basso, which is a type of low male singer. Mordko taught his son to read music before the boy could even read words. This early musical training helped Serkin become a child prodigy. A child prodigy is a person who shows exceptional talent at a very young age.

Serkin's formal education began in Vienna when he was nine years old. He studied piano with Richard Robert. Later, he studied composition, which is the art of writing music, with Joseph Marx. Between 1918 and 1920, he studied composition with the famous composer Arnold Schoenberg. During this time, Serkin participated in Schoenberg's Society for the Private Performance of Music. His professional life began early. He made his public debut with the Vienna Philharmonic when he was only 12 years old. By 1921, at age 17, he was already performing as a keyboard soloist in Berlin.

In Berlin, Serkin lived with the German violinist Adolf Busch. This relationship was very important to his career. In 1921, Serkin performed in Busch's ensemble. During one concert, Busch jokingly told Serkin to play an encore of the Goldberg Variations. Serkin took the joke seriously and played the entire piece. When he finished, only four people remained in the audience. These included Adolf Busch, Artur Schnabel, Alfred Einstein, and Serkin himself. Serkin and Busch continued to perform together throughout Europe during the 1920s and early 1930s.

Political changes in Europe forced Serkin to move. In 1933, the rise of Hitler in Germany changed life in Berlin. Serkin and the Busch family left Berlin for Basel, Switzerland. In 1933, Serkin also made his first appearance in the United States at the Coolidge Festival. He later launched a solo career in America in 1936. He performed with the New York Philharmonic under the conductor Arturo Toscanini. Critics praised his performance of Beethoven's Fourth Piano Concerto. Olin Downes of the New York Times noted Serkin's technical precision and poetic coloring.

World War II caused further movement for Serkin. In 1939, he and the Busches emigrated to the United States. Serkin became a dedicated educator in Philadelphia. He taught many generations of pianists at the Curtis Institute of Music. He also served as the director of the Institute from 1968 to 1976. Serkin was also a founder of the Marlboro Music School and Festival. He and Adolf Busch started this school in 1951 in Marlboro, Vermont. Their goal was to encourage interest in chamber music, which is music played by small groups.

Serkin's recording career was very productive. He made many recordings from the 1940s through the 1980s. Most of his work was for Columbia Masterworks. He also recorded for Deutsche Grammophon and Telarc. In 1959, he became the first pianist in the U.S. to record Max Reger's Piano Concerto, Op. 114. He performed this with Eugene Ormandy and the Philadelphia Orchestra. Serkin was also famous for his interpretations of Ludwig van Beethoven. He is still considered one of the greatest Beethoven interpreters of the 20th century.

Throughout his life, Serkin received many prestigious honors. In 1963, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 1984, he won a Grammy Award for Best Chamber-Music Performance. He also received the National Medal of Arts in 1988. Serkin had a long connection to the New York Philharmonic. In 1972, he celebrated his 100th appearance with the orchestra. He was also named an honorary member of the New York Philharmonic-Symphony Society. This is a distinction shared with other famous musicians like Igor Stravinsky and Aaron Copland.

Serkin's personal life was centered around his family and his home. He married Irene Busch, the daughter of Adolf Busch, in 1935. They had seven children, including pianist Peter Serkin and cellist Judith Serkin. Serkin lived in several places, including New York and Philadelphia. He also spent time on a dairy farm in Guilford, Vermont. He continued to tour and record until illness stopped his work in 1989. Serkin died of cancer on May 8, 1991. He was 88 years old and passed away at his home in Vermont.

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