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Quamrul Hassan

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Quamrul Hassan was a highly influential Bangladeshi artist known for his unique ability to blend tradition with modernism. In Bangladesh, he is often called "Potua," a term usually reserved for folk artists. This nickname honors his down-to-earth style, which drew heavily from local folk traditions. However, Hassan was not strictly a folk artist; he incorporated Cubism, a modern art style, into his work. His art served both aesthetic and political purposes throughout his life. He used his skills to capture the lives of the lower classes and to comment on the political shifts of his nation.

Quamrul Hassan - Uki
Quamrul Hassan - Uki

Hassan’s technical approach was a careful study of color and dimension. He was inspired by the two-dimensional style of "pata" paintings, which are traditional folk artworks. While these traditional works are often flat, Hassan attempted to introduce three-dimensionality into his pieces. He achieved this by using a technique called color perspective. By applying various colors within a single plane, he could create a sense of height and distance. This specific method was inspired by the work of the French artist Henri Matisse. Instead of using blended or mixed colors, he frequently utilized primary colors, much like the traditional pata painters.

His artistic output was incredibly versatile, spanning many different media. He worked with oil, gouache, watercolors, pastels, etching, woodcuts, linocuts, pen, and pencil. After the famine of 1974, he turned specifically to woodcuts to express his intense rage and anger regarding the crisis. Hassan’s subject matter was often symbolic. He frequently used animals like snakes, jackals, and owls to represent the evil within human nature. This symbolism appeared in both his political commentary and his depictions of the famine.

Quamrul Hassan - Uki
Quamrul Hassan - Uki

Hassan’s personal history was marked by determination and social involvement. Born in Kolkata on December 2, 1921, he faced early opposition from his father, Muhammad Hashim. His father was a conservative man who disapproved of his son's interest in painting. Despite this, Hassan enrolled in the Government Institute of Arts in 1938. He had to pay his own tuition fees to attend. Because he was deeply involved in sports, the Bratachari movement, and the ARP during World War II, his studies took longer than expected. His six-year course actually took nine years to complete, and he finally graduated in 1947.

Quamrul Hassan - Uki
Quamrul Hassan - Uki

The political landscape of South Asia profoundly shaped his career. Following the partition of India, Hassan moved to Dhaka, which was then the capital of East Pakistan. During the 1971 liberation war, his art became a tool for resistance. He served as the Director of the Art Division for the Bangladesh Government in exile. He created at least ten propaganda posters, such as "Anhilate These Demons," which featured a monstrous version of President Yahya Khan. These works were intended to inspire freedom fighters. After the war, he returned to help build the new nation by designing official state monograms. These included logos for the Bangladesh Bank, Biman Bangladesh Airlines, and the Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation.

Quamrul Hassan - Uki
Quamrul Hassan - Uki

Hassan also used his art to explore the changing stages of human relationships, particularly through his depictions of women. His paintings of women generally focused on groups rather than solo figures. These works are often divided into three distinct emotional phases. The first phase in the 1950s focused on love and premarital stages, often using abstracted memories of his late mother. The second phase, from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, depicted happy conjugal life, inspired by his time with his wife and daughter. The final phase, during the 1970s and 1980s, reflected a period of marital separation. During this time, his work shifted toward drawing female nudes.

Quamrul Hassan Tomb1
Quamrul Hassan Tomb1

Beyond his paintings, Hassan was a prolific writer and a respected academic. He authored two books, "Amader Lokkristi" and "Bangladesh-er Shilpo Andolon O Amar Kotha." His contributions to the art community were recognized with many prestigious honors. He received the President's Gold Medal in 1965 and the Independence Day Award in 1979. He was also named a Fellow of the Bangla Academy in 1985. Hassan passed away on February 2, 1988, following a massive heart attack while attending the National Poetry Festival. He is buried beside the central mosque at the University of Dhaka.

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File:Quamrul Hassan - Uki.jpg
Quamrul Hassan - Uki.jpg
File:Quamrul Hassan Tomb1.jpg
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