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Pillow

language culture Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A pillow is a soft fabric cushion designed to support the head or the body.

Average White Pillow
Average White Pillow

It serves as a form of bedding that provides essential support for the neck and head during sleep. While many pillows are used for comfort, some are purely decorative. In modern Western culture, pillows are usually encased in a fabric envelope called a pillowcase. This case protects the inner stuffing, which can be made from either natural or synthetic materials.

Picture of your average pillow, with the stains retouched
Picture of your average pillow, with the stains retouched

The construction of a pillow involves two main components: the filler and the shell. The filler is the material placed inside to provide shape and softness. Fillers are chosen based on cost, thermal properties, resilience, and medical needs. Common synthetic fillers include polyester and memory foam, which is a material that can retain its shape for a long time. Natural fillers have been used since antiquity and include wool, cotton, and buckwheat.

Japanese Pipe Pillow
Japanese Pipe Pillow

In India, traditional pillows use kapok, which are the glossy fruit-fibres from the Ceiba pentandra tree.

Kapok seeds I IMG 8004
Kapok seeds I IMG 8004

The shell, or pillowcase, can be a simple bag style or a more complex Oxford style. An Oxford pillowcase features a decorative border about 5 to 10 centimeters wide around all four sides.

There are three primary categories of pillows: bed pillows, orthopedic pillows, and decorative pillows. Bed pillows come in various sizes to match different beds. In the United States, common sizes include Standard, Jumbo, Queen, and King.

Bed in Seattle hotel
Bed in Seattle hotel

The choice of pillow often depends on how a person sleeps. For example, someone sleeping on their side might need a thicker, firmer pillow. Orthopedic pillows, also called cervical pillows, are designed for medical support. They help keep the neck in alignment with the spine.

Panda shaped neck pillow
Panda shaped neck pillow

Body pillows are much longer, sometimes as long as an adult, to support the head, neck, knees, and legs.

The history of pillows stretches back much further than many people realize. Long before humans made beds, animals used their own bodies or tree branches as pillows. Some studies suggest that between 5 and 23 million years ago, great apes built sleeping platforms. Chimpanzees have been observed using sturdy ironwood pillows to sleep up to eight or nine hours a night. This behavior may have helped them avoid predators and stay safe in trees.

Body pillow
Body pillow

Human history shows that beds were being made in Africa as early as 227,000 years ago. Later, Neanderthals also used similar sleeping arrangements at Misliya Cave.

Recorded human use of modern pillows dates back to Mesopotamia around 7,000 BC. During this era, pillows were symbols of wealth and status. The more pillows a person owned, the more affluent they were considered to be. In ancient Egypt, pillows took the form of stone or wooden headrests.

Egyptian wooden pillow with inscription on base Wellcome L0006750
Egyptian wooden pillow with inscription on base Wellcome L0006750

These were often used for mummies because the head was viewed as a sacred part of the human essence. In ancient Europe, the Greeks and Romans developed softer versions. They stuffed pillows with reeds, feathers, or straw to improve comfort.

In ancient China, pillows were often solid objects made from diverse materials. These included bamboo, jade, bronze, and wood, though ceramic pillows became the most popular. Ceramic pillow production first appeared during the Sui dynasty between 581 and 618. Mass production followed during the Tang dynasty between 618 and 907.

These pillows were often highly decorated with paintings of animals, humans, or plants. They reached a peak of use during the Song, Jin, and Yuan dynasties between the 10th and 14th centuries.

Maintaining a pillow is important for hygiene and health. A typical Western pillow usually lasts between two and four years. Over time, pillows can accumulate dust and microbes within the filling. To keep them fresh, manufacturers often recommend tumble-drying them for fifteen minutes every week to kill dust mites. Because of hygiene regulations, most charities will not accept used pillows for donation. While some pillows are recycled, many end up in landfills because recycling textiles is expensive and has a low yield.

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🖼️ Images & Media (14)
File:Pillows on a hotel bed.jpg
Pillows on a hotel bed.jpg
File:Average_White_Pillow.jpg
Average_White_Pillow.jpg
File:Egyptian wooden pillow with inscription on base Wellcome L0006750.jpg
Egyptian wooden pillow with inscription...
File:Pillow, China, Jin dynasty, 1115-1234, glazed earthenware - Royal Ontario Museum - DSC04261.JPG
Pillow, China, Jin dynasty, 1115-1234,...
File:Porcelain pillow. Huangling county, China. Jin period (1115 - 1234 CE.jpg
Porcelain pillow. Huangling county,...
File:Japanese Pipe Pillow.jpg
Japanese Pipe Pillow.jpg
File:Kapok seeds I IMG 8004.jpg
Kapok seeds I IMG 8004.jpg
File:Bed in Seattle hotel.jpg
Bed in Seattle hotel.jpg
File:Picture of your average pillow, with the stains retouched.png
Picture of your average pillow, with the...
File:Body pillow.jpg
Body pillow.jpg
File:Panda shaped neck pillow.JPG
Panda shaped neck pillow.JPG
File:Arabesqui-moro-decoration 33.jpg
Arabesqui-moro-decoration 33.jpg

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