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Napkin

language culture Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A napkin is a small square of cloth or paper tissue.

Brede-LilleBrede-napkin
Brede-LilleBrede-napkin

People primarily use them at a dining table to wipe their mouths and fingers while eating. They also serve as a protective layer for clothing to prevent stains from food. In some cases, a person might tuck a napkin into their shirt collar to act as a bib. Napkins are often folded into various shapes, colors, or intricate designs to enhance a table setting.

Napkin ring
Napkin ring

There are several ways to display and organize napkins during a meal. Conventionally, a napkin is folded and placed to the left of the place setting. It is usually positioned outside the outermost fork. In professional settings, such as restaurants or catering halls, the presentation may be more complex. Caterers might fold napkins into elaborate shapes and place them directly on an empty plate. Some people use origami techniques to transform a flat napkin into a three-dimensional design. Additionally, a napkin ring can be used to hold a rolled napkin and cutlery together in a single bundle. Paper napkins may also be stored in a specialized napkin holder.

History shows that humans have used many different materials to maintain cleanliness while eating. The ancient Greeks used a substance known as apomagdalia. This substance consisted of bread, dough, or fat. People used it to wipe themselves, and the material was sometimes later thrown to dogs. Eventually, the Greeks began using a cloth called a cheiromaktron, which means "hand-wipe." The Romans referred to this type of hand-wiping cloth as a mantelium. These early methods represent the long evolution of tools used for personal hygiene during meals.

The word "napkin" has a specific linguistic history dating back to the 14th century. It refers to a cloth or paper item used for wiping lips and fingers. The term derives from the Late Middle English word "nappekin." This word comes from the Old French "nappe," which means tablecloth. The Old French term itself traces back to the Latin word "mappa." In some British dialects, a napkin might be called a handkerchief. In Scotland, it is sometimes referred to as a kerchief. The term can also serve as an abbreviation for a "sanitary napkin."

Paper napkins have a history that stretches back to ancient China. Because paper was invented in the 2nd century BC, its use for napkins was documented early on. In China, these were known as "chih pha." They were folded into squares and used specifically for the serving of tea. Evidence of these paper napkins was found in descriptions of the possessions of the Yu family in Hangzhou. Paper napkins were first imported to the United States during the late 1800s. However, they did not achieve widespread acceptance until 1948. At that time, Emily Post asserted that using paper napkins was better form than using linen napkins for breakfast.

A famous legend claims that the artist Leonardo da Vinci invented the napkin in 1491. This story suggests that the Duke of Milan, Ludovico Sforza, used an unusual method for guests to clean themselves. According to the claim, the Duke tied live rabbits decorated with ribbons to the chairs of his guests. Guests were expected to wipe their hands on the backs of the animals. Leonardo da Vinci supposedly found this practice inappropriate. He is said to have presented a cloth to each guest instead. However, this story likely originated as a prank. It appeared in the 1987 book "Leonardo da Vinci's Kitchen Notebooks," which was published as an April Fools' Day joke. The book claimed a lost "Codex Romanoff" had been found in 1481, but that document never actually existed.

Today, the napkin remains a standard part of dining etiquette and food service. It connects the simple act of eating to broader traditions of hospitality and cleanliness. From the ancient use of dough in Greece to the modern origami shapes in restaurants, the napkin has changed significantly. It has transitioned from a functional hand-wipe to a decorative element of social gatherings. Whether made of paper or fine linen, it remains an essential tool for managing the messiness of meals.

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File:Brede-LilleBrede-napkin.jpg
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