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Orion Arm

space Maturity 9-11 Next article →

The Orion Arm is a special part of the Milky Way galaxy.

OrionSpur
OrionSpur

It is also called the Orion-Cygnus Arm or the Local Arm. This structure holds our entire Solar System and the Earth. It is a major feature in our galactic neighborhood. Scientists often call it the fifth feature of the Milky Way. It sits between two other large arms. These are the Carina-Sagittarius Arm and the Perseus Arm.

Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10
Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10

This arm works through a process called a spiral density wave. This wave moves through the galaxy and pushes gas together. When gas is compressed, it helps new stars form. The Orion Arm contains many high-mass star-forming regions. These are places where big, bright stars are born. The arm also has a mix of gas and stars. Some stars are older than the gas clouds. There is even a small offset between where gas sits and where stars are.

Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022)
Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022)

For a long time, people had different ideas about this arm. Many scientists once thought it was just a small "spur." A spur is a minor structure that sticks out from a larger arm. However, new evidence changed how we see it. In 2013, researchers shared new findings about its size. They used data from the BeSSeL Survey to look closer. This study looked at the motion of masers in star-forming areas. These masers are special signals from space.

Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10
Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10

The arm is much larger than we used to think. It is about 20,000 light-years long. It is also about 3,000 light-years wide. The arm wraps around less than a quarter of the Milky Way. Our Sun is located near the inner rim of this arm. We live in a space called the Local Bubble. This is a relative cavity in the interstellar medium. The arm has a pitch angle of about 10.1 to 11.6 degrees.

Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022)
Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022)

You can find many famous objects in the Orion Arm. The name comes from the Orion constellation. This constellation is very bright in the winter sky. You can see stars like Betelgeuse and Rigel there. The arm also holds the famous Orion Nebula. There are many other Messier objects here too. These include the Pleiades and the Ring Nebula. You might even see the Butterfly Cluster. These objects help us map our place in the galaxy.

OrionSpur
OrionSpur
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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10.svg
Milky Way Arms ssc2008-10.svg
File:OrionSpur.png
OrionSpur.png
File:Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022).png
Galaxymap.com, map 1000 parsecs (2022).png
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