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Mountain pass

geography Maturity 9-11 Next article →

A mountain pass is a way to travel through a mountain range.

Saddleroute3
Saddleroute3

Mountains can be huge barriers to travel. Because of this, passes are very important for moving things. People use them for trade and for war. They also help humans and animals migrate from place to place. Some passes are at low heights and are called hill passes.

Sani Pass heading into Lesotho
Sani Pass heading into Lesotho

Most passes form in a specific way. They might appear between two volcanic peaks. Other times, wind or water causes erosion to create a gap. A pass can be a very short path with steep slopes. It can also be a valley that is many kilometers long. You might only find the highest point by surveying the land. Some passes sit just above where a river begins.

The col (6073968059)
The col (6073968059)

People have used these routes for a very long time. Many roads and railways are built through mountain passes. Sometimes, engineers bore tunnels under mountains to help traffic. The Eisenhower Tunnel bypasses Loveland Pass in the Rockies. This helps cars move faster all year long. In the winter, snow drift can be a hard job. Some roads are built a few meters above the ground to help snow blow off.

Sani Pass heading into Lesotho
Sani Pass heading into Lesotho

Passes often mark the borders between two lands. For example, Argentina and Chile share a very long border. This border runs along the Andes mountains. It includes 42 different mountain passes. In the high Himalayas, people use the word "La" for a pass. The Taglang La is 5,328 meters high. The Sia La is even higher at 5,589 meters.

Saddleroute3
Saddleroute3

Different cultures have many special names for these places. In Japan, they call them tōge. In Scotland, the Gaelic word is bealach. In Wales, the word is bwlch. On a map, you can find them by looking for contour lines. These lines make an hourglass shape. This shape shows the low spot between two high points.

Bwlch Maesgwm contour map
Bwlch Maesgwm contour map
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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Sani Pass heading into Lesotho.jpg
Sani Pass heading into Lesotho.jpg
File:Bwlch Maesgwm contour map.png
Bwlch Maesgwm contour map.png
File:Saddleroute3.JPG
Saddleroute3.JPG
File:The col (6073968059).jpg
The col (6073968059).jpg
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